Abstract
Two recently proposed anisotropic rate-dependent models are used to simulate the consolidation behavior of two soft natural clays: Murro clay and Haarajoki clay. The rate-dependent constitutive models include the EVP-SCLAY1 model and the anisotropic creep model (ACM). The two models are identical in the way the initial anisotropy and the evolution of anisotropy are simulated, but differ in the way the rate effects are taken into consideration. The models are compared first at the element level against laboratory data and then at the boundary value level against measured field data from instrumented embankments on Murro and Haarajoki clays. The numerical simulations suggest that at the element level, the EVP-SCLAY1 model is able to give a better representation of the clay response under oedometric loading than ACM, when the input parameters are defined objectively. However, at the boundary value level, the issue is not as straightforward, and the appropriateness of the constitutive model may depend heavily on the in situ overconsolidation ratio (OCR).
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The work presented was carried out as part of a Marie Curie Industry-Academia Partnerships and Pathways projects GEO-INSTALL (PIAP-GA-2009-230638) and CREEP (PIAP-GA-2011-286397). The experimental work was done at Aalto University sponsored by the Academy of Finland (Grant 128459).
References
Brinkgreve, R. B. J., Swolfs, W. M., and Engin, E. (2010). Plaxis 2010 reference manual, Plaxis, Delft, Netherlands.
Finnish National Road Administration. (1997). “Competition to calculate settlements at the Haarajoki test embankment.” Competition programme, competition materials, Finnra, Helsinki, Finland.
Hinchberger, S. D., and Qu, G. (2009). “Viscoplastic constitutive approach for rate-sensitive structured clays.” Can. Geotech. J., 46(6), 609–626.
Karstunen, M., and Koskinen, M. (2004). “Anisotropy and destructuration of Murro clay.” Proc., Advances in Geotechn. Eng. Skempton Conf., Vol. 1, Thomas Telford, London, 476–487.
Karstunen, M., and Koskinen, M. (2008). “Plastic anisotropy of soft reconstituted clays.” Can. Geotech. J., 45(3), 314–328.
Karstunen, M., Krenn, H., Wheeler, S. J., Koskinen, M., and Zentar, R. (2005). “Effect of anisotropy and destructuration on the behavior of Murro test embankment.” Int. J. Geomech., 87–97.
Karstunen, M., and Yin, Z.-Y. (2010). “Modelling time-dependent behaviour of Murro test embankment.” Geotechnique, 60(10), 735–749.
Koskinen, M., and Karstunen, M. (2006). “Numerical modelling of Murro test embankment with S-CLAY1S.” Proc., 6th European Conf. Numerical Methods Geotechnical Engineering, Taylor & Francis, London, 11–19.
Koskinen, M., Karstunen, M., and Wheeler, S. J. (2002). “Modelling destructuration and anisotropy of a natural soft clay.” Proc., 5th European Conf. on Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering (NUMGE), Presses de l’ENPC, Paris, 11–20.
Leoni, M., Karstunen, M., and Vermeer, P. A. (2008). “Anisotropic creep model for soft soils.” Geotechnique, 58(3), 215–226.
Perzyna, P. (1963). “The constitutive equations for work-hardening and rate sensitive plastic materials.” Proc. Vibr. Prob., 4(3), 281–290.
Qu, G., Hinchberger, S. D., and Lo, K. Y. (2010). “Evaluation of the viscous behaviour of clay using generalised overstress viscoplastic theory.” Geotechnique, 60(10), 777–789.
Roscoe, K. H., and Burland, J. B. (1968). On the generalized stress-strain behaviour of ‘wet’ clay, Vol. I, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K., 553–609.
Wheeler, S. J., Näätänen, A., Karstunen, M., and Lojander, M. (2003). “An anisotropic elasto-plastic model for soft clays.” Can. Geotech. J., 40(2), 403–418.
Yildiz, A. (2009). “Numerical modeling of vertical drains with advanced constitutive models.” Comput. Geotech., 36(6), 1072–1083.
Yildiz, A., Karstunen, M., and Krenn, H. (2009). “Effect of anisotropy and destructuration on behavior of Haarajoki test embankment.” Int. J. Geomech., 153–168.
Yin, Z., Karstunen, M., Chang, C., Koskinen, M., and Lojander, M. (2011). “Modeling time-dependent behavior of soft sensitive clay.” J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 1103–1113.
Yin, Z.-Y., Chang, C. S., Karstunen, M., and Hicher, P. Y. (2010). “An anisotropic elastic-viscoplastic model for soft clays.” Int. J. Solids Struct., 47(5), 665–677.
Zentar, R., Karstunen, M., and Wheeler, S. J. (2002). “Influence of anisotropy and destructuration on undrained shearing of natural clays.” Proc., 5th European Conf. on Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering (NUMGE), Presses de l’ENPC, Paris, 21–26.
Zhou, C., Yin, J., Zhu, J., and Cheng, C. (2005). “Elastic anisotropic viscoplastic modeling of the strain-rate-dependent stress–strain behavior of -consolidated natural marine clays in triaxial shear tests.” Int. J. Geomech., 218–232.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 15 • Issue 5 • October 2015
Copyright
© 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: May 22, 2012
Accepted: Oct 30, 2012
Published online: Nov 3, 2012
Published in print: Oct 1, 2015
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.