Spatial Distribution, Contamination Feature, and Health-Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals and Metalloids in Farmland Soil in the Hunan Province, China
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 148, Issue 9
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the content characteristics of heavy metals, metalloids, and nutrients in farmland soil in the entire Hunan Province, China. In addition, the spatial distribution features, pollution risk, and probability health risk were further analyzed using a geographic information system, integrated pollution risk index, and Monte Carlo simulation. The results showed a significant Cd accumulation in the soils of Hunan Province. Total nitrogen and soil organic matter were at a higher nutrient level, whereas total phosphorus was relatively low. Areas with high Hg, Cd, As, and Pb levels mainly appeared in Chenzhou, Hengyang, and southern Zhuzhou, where nonferrous metal mining and smelting activities were frequent. High-nutrient areas were mainly located in Xiangtan, Lou Di, and the surrounding areas of Dongting Lake. The pollution risk assessment showed that Cd in soils was at a moderately pollution level, Hg was at a moderate to slight pollution level, and As, Cr, and Pb had the lowest pollution risk. The carcinogenic risk caused by accidental ingestion of Cr and As in soil was high, and farmers had a 75% probability of facing potential health threats. This study provides baseline and scientific data for formulating and implementing corresponding preventive measures and public policies.
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Data Availability Statement
All data, models, or code generated or used during the study are proprietary or confidential in nature and may only be provided with restrictions.
Acknowledgments
This study was funded by the National Agricultural Product Quality and Safety Risk Assessment Project, China (GJFP201801201). The authors are extremely thankful to the anonymous reviewers that worked on this paper.
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Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 148 • Issue 9 • September 2022
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© 2022 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: Nov 11, 2021
Accepted: Mar 10, 2022
Published online: Jun 27, 2022
Published in print: Sep 1, 2022
Discussion open until: Nov 27, 2022
ASCE Technical Topics:
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