Reconnaissance Study on Adsorption of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products to Managed Turf Soils and Associated Oxide Nanoparticles
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 147, Issue 11
Abstract
The use of greywater or treated wastewater for the irrigation of public greenspaces and athletic fields is becoming a management strategy in water conservation. Water may contain pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), as well as oxide nanoparticles (NPs), because these compounds have been detected in sediment-freshwater systems and soils. This study investigated interactions between PPCPs and NPs by batch adsorption experiments using five soil-associated NPs (, MgO, , , and CaO), one common anthropogenic NP (), fine () fractions of athletic field soils, and seven PPCPs: salicylic acid, propranolol, carbamazepine, bisphenol A, diclofenac, caffeine, and ibuprofen. Results indicated that some sorption can be determined by the net surface charge of the oxide NP or the composite mineralogy of the soil fines, and the overall charge of the attendant PPCPs, over the pH range of the experiments (). However, adsorption of several drug–substrate pairs was not explained by net surface charge attraction or repulsion, and data indicated that more-complex adsorption mechanisms are operative in water–soil systems containing the relatively hydrophilic PPCPs investigated.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Data Availability Statement
All data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Acknowledgments
The authors thank Bob Hunt and Jim Spelman from the Hope College Grounds Department, Evan Arendsen for creating GIS map locations of our borings, Dave Daugherty for obtaining the materials for the double-ring infiltrometer, and Professor Patricia Videtich at Grand Valley State University for use of the laser particle counter. The authors thank the REACH program, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, the Hope College Grounds Department, and the Hope College GES Department for funding of this project. The authors also thank Professor Michael D. Seymour for consultation about LC/MS analysis and Katherine Kerr for assistance with experiments.
References
ASTM International. 2009. Standard test method for infiltration rate of soils in field using double-ring infiltrometer. ASTM D3385-09. Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International.
Banaitis, M. R., S. J. Langley-Turnbaugh, and A. Aboueissa. 2007. “Variations of soil organic carbon in three urban parks: A Maine case study.” Int. J. Appl. Environ. Sci. 2 (2): 119.
Barnes, K. K., D. W. Kolpin, E. T. Furlong, S. D. Zaugg, M. T. Meyer, and L. B. Barber. 2008. “A national reconnaissance of pharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater contaminants in the United States—I) Groundwater.” Sci. Total Environ. 402 (10): 192–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.04.028.
Bedbabis, S., B. Ben Rouina, M. Boukhris, and G. Ferrara. 2014. “Effect of irrigation with treated wastewater on soil chemical properties and infiltration rate.” J. Environ. Manage. 133 (Jan): 45–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.11.007.
Beesley, L. 2012. “Carbon storage and fluxes in existing and newly created soils.” J. Environ. Manage. 104 (Aug): 158–165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.03.024.
Biel-Maeso, M., C. Corada-Fernández, and P. A. Lara-Martín. 2018. “Monitoring the occurrence of pharmaceuticals in soils irrigated with reclaimed wastewater.” Environ. Pollut. 235 (Apr): 312–321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.085.
Blackwell, P. A., P. Kay, and A. B. A. Boxall. 2007. “The dissipation and transport of veterinary antibiotics in a sandy loam soil.” Chemosphere 67 (2): 292–299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.09.095.
Blair, D. B., J. P. Crago, C. J. Hedman, and R. D. Klaper. 2013. “Pharmaceuticals and personal care products found in the Great Lakes above concentrations of environmental concern.” Chemosphere 93 (9): 2116–2123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.07.057.
Borisover, M., M. Sela, and B. Chefetz. 2011. “Enhancement effect of water associated with natural organic matter (NOM) on organic compound–NOM interactions: A case study with carbamazepine.” Chemosphere 82 (10): 1454–1460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.11.035.
Braun, A., E. Klumpp, R. Azzam, and C. Neukum. 2015. “Transport and deposition of stabilized engineered silver nanoparticles in water saturated loamy sand and silty loam.” Sci. Total Environ. 535 (1): 102–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.12.023.
Butler, E., M. J. Whelan, R. Sakrabani, and R. van Egmond. 2012. “Fate of triclosan in field soils receiving sewage sludge.” Environ. Pollut. 167 (Aug): 101–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2012.03.036.
Casey, F. X. M., G. L. Larsen, H. Hakk, and J. Simunek. 2003. “Fate and transport of 17β-estradiol in soil–water systems.” Environ. Sci. Technol. 37 (Aug): 2400–2409. https://doi.org/10.1021/es026153z.
Chefetz, B., T. Mualem, and J. Ben-Ari. 2008. “Sorption and mobility of pharmaceutical compounds in soil irrigated with reclaimed wastewater.” Chemosphere 73 (8): 1335–1343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.06.070.
Chen, Y., J. Vymazal, T. Březinová, M. Koźeluh, L. Kule, J. Huang, and Z. Chen. 2016. “Occurrence, removal and environmental risk assessment of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in rural wastewater treatment wetlands.” Sci. Total Environ. 566–567 (1): 1660–1669. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.069.
Cullen, E., D. M. O’Carroll, E. K. Yanful, and B. Sleep. 2010. “Simulation of the subsurface mobility of carbon nanoparticles at the field scale.” Adv. Water Resour. 33 (4): 361–371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2009.12.001.
Das, S., J. M. Dowding, K. E. Klump, J. F. McGinnis, W. Self, and S. Seal. 2013. “Cerium oxide nanoparticles: Applications and prospects in nanomedicine.” Nanomedicine 8 (9): 1483–1508. https://doi.org/10.2217/nnm.13.133.
Daughton, C. G., and T. A. Ternes. 1999. “Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the environment: Agents of subtle change?” Supplement, Environ. Health Perspect. 107 (S6): 907–938. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.99107s6907.
Dodgen, L. K., J. Li, X. Wu, Z. Lu, and J. J. Gan. 2014. “Transformation and removal pathways of four common PPCP/EDCs in soil.” Environ. Pollut. 193 (Oct): 29–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2014.06.002.
Drever, J. I. 1997. The geochemistry of natural waters: Surface and groundwater environments. 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Ebele, A. J., M. A.-E. Abdallah, and S. Harrad. 2017. “Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the freshwater aquatic environment.” Emerging Contam. 3 (1): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emcon.2016.12.004.
Fang, J., X. Shan, B. Wen, J. Lin, and G. Owens. 2009. “Stability of titania nanoparticles in soil suspensions and transport in saturated homogeneous soil columns.” Environ. Pollut. 157 (4): 1101–1109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2008.11.006.
Garner, K. L., and A. A. Keller. 2014. “Emerging patterns for engineered nanomaterials in the environment: A review of fate and toxicity studies.” J. Nanopart. Res. 16 (8): 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-014-2503-2.
Glennon, R. J. 2009. Unquenchable: America’s water crisis and what to do about it. Washington, DC: Island.
Godfrey, E., W. W. Woessner, and M. J. Benotti. 2007. “Pharmaceuticals in on-site sewage effluent and ground water, western Montana.” Ground Water 45 (3): 263–271. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2006.00288.x.
Grant, S. B., et al. 2012. “Taking the ‘waste’ out of ‘wastewater’ for human water security and ecosystem sustainability.” Science 337 (681): 681–686. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1216852.
Hamilton, A. R., M. Roberts, G. A. Hutcheon, and E. E. Gaskell. 2019. “Formulation and antibacterial properties of clay mineral-tetracycline and-doxycycline composites.” Appl. Clay Sci. 179 (105148): 1–12.
Harrison, E. Z., S. R. Oakes, M. Hysell, and A. Hay. 2006. “Organic chemicals in sewage sludges.” Sci. Total Environ. 367 (2–3): 481–497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.04.002.
Ibekwe, A. M., A. Gonzalez-Rubio, and D. L. Suarez. 2018. “Impact of treated wastewater for irrigation on soil microbial communities.” Sci. Total Environ. 622–623 (May): 1603–1610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.039.
Joo, J. C., C. D. Shackelford, and K. F. Reardon. 2008. “Sorption of nonpolar neutral organic compounds to humic acid-coated sands: Contributions of organic and mineral components.” Chemosphere 70 (7): 1290–1297. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.07.052.
Kaegi, R., et al. 2008. “Synthetic nanoparticle emission from exterior facades into the aquatic environment.” Environ. Pollut. 156 (2): 233–239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2008.08.004.
Kolpin, D. W., E. T. Furlong, M. T. Meyer, E. M. Thurman, S. D. Zaugg, L. B. Barber, and H. T. Buxton. 2002. “Pharmaceuticals, hormones, and other organic wastewater contaminants in US streams, 1999-2000: A national reconnaissance.” Environ. Sci. Technol. 36 (6): 1202–1211. https://doi.org/10.1021/es011055j.
Kreyling, W. G., M. Semmler-Behnke, and W. Moller. 2006. “Health implications of nanoparticles.” J. Nanopart. Res. 8 (5): 543–562. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-005-9068-z.
Lara-Martin, P. A., E. González-Mazo, M. Petrovic, D. Barceló, and B. J. Brownawell. 2014. “Occurrence, distribution and partitioning of nonionic surfactants and pharmaceuticals in the urbanized Long Island Sound Estuary (NY).” Mar. Pollut. Bull. 85 (2): 710–719.
Lecoanet, H. F., J.-Y. Bottero, and M. R. Wiesner. 2004. “Laboratory assessment of the mobility of nanomaterials in porous media.” Environ. Sci. Technol. 38 (19): 5164–5169. https://doi.org/10.1021/es0352303.
Liu, X., M. Wazne, C. Christodoulatos, and K. L. Jasinkiewicz. 2009. “Aggregation and deposition behavior of boron nanoparticles in porous media.” J. Colloid Interface Sci. 330 (1): 90–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2008.10.028.
Loux, N. T., and N. Savage. 2008. “An assessment of the fate of metal oxide nanomaterials in porous media.” Water Air Soil Pollut. 194 (1): 227–241. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-008-9712-1.
Ma, L., Y. Liu, J. Zhang, Q. Yang, G. Li, and D. Zhang. 2018. “Impacts of irrigation water sources and geochemical conditions on vertical distribution of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) in the vadose zone soils.” Sci. Total Environ. 626 (Jun): 1148–1156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.168.
Maryman, B., and H. Büyükgüngör. 2019. “Wastewater reclamation and reuse trends in Turkey: Opportunities and challenges.” J. Water Process Eng. 30 (100501): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2017.10.001.
Massaro, M., C. G. Colletti, G. Lazzara, and S. Riela. 2018. “The use of some clay minerals as natural resources for drug carrier applications.” J. Funct. Biomater. 9 (580): 1–22. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb9040058.
Metcalfe, C. D., X.-S. Miao, B. G. Koenig, and J. Struger. 2003. “Distribution of acidic and neutral drugs in surface waters near sewage treatment plants in the lower Great Lakes, Canada.” Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 22 (12): 2881–2889. https://doi.org/10.1897/02-627.
Nadav, I., J. Tarchitzky, and Y. Chen. 2011. “Induction of soil water repellency following irrigation with treated wastewater: Effects of irrigation water quality and soil texture.” Irrig. Sci. 31 (3): 385–394. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-011-0316-y.
Nikolaou, A., S. Meric, and D. Fatta. 2007. “Occurrence patterns of pharmaceuticals in water and wastewater environments.” Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 387 (4): 1225–1234. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-006-1035-8.
Nosrati, H., M. Salehiabar, H. K. Manjili, H. Danafar, and S. Davaran. 2018. “Preparation of magnetic albumin nanoparticles via a simple and one-pot desolvation and co-precipitation method for medical and pharmaceutical applications.” Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 108 (Mar): 909–915. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.10.180.
Nowack, B., and T. D. Bucheli. 2007. “Occurrence, behavior and effects of nanoparticles in the environment.” Environ. Pollut. 150 (1): 5–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2007.06.006.
Oberdörster, G., E. Oberdörster, and J. Oberdörster. 2005. “Nanotoxicology: An emerging discipline evolving from studies of ultrafine particles.” Environ. Health Perspect. 113 (7): 823–839. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.7339.
Papaioannou, D., P. H. Koukoulakis, D. Lambropoulou, M. Papageorgiou, and I. K. Kalavrouziotis. 2019. “The dynamics of the pharmaceutical and personal care product interactive capacity under the effect of artificial enrichment of soil with heavy metals and of wastewater reuse.” Sci. Total Environ. 662 (Apr): 537–546. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.111.
Park, J. K., Y. B. Choy, J.-M. Oh, J. Y. Kim, S.-J. Hwang, and J.-H. Choy. 2008. “Controlled release of donepezil intercalated in smectite clays.” Int. J. Pharm. 359 (1–2): 198–204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.04.012.
Parks, G. A. 1967. “Aqueous surface chemistry of oxides and complex oxide minerals.” In Vol. 67 of Equilibrium concepts in natural water systems, advances in chemistry series, edited by W. Stumm, 121–160. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society.
Pedersen, J. A., M. Soliman, and I. H. Suffet. 2005. “Human pharmaceuticals, hormones, and personal care product ingredients in runoff from agricultural fields irrigated with treated wastewater.” J. Agric. Food Chem. 53 (5): 1625–1632. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf049228m.
Peng, H., S. Feng, X. Zhang, Y. Li, and X. Zhang. 2012. “Adsoprtion of norfloxacin onto titanium oxide: Effect of drug carrier and dissolved humic acid.” Sci. Total Environ. 438 (Nov): 66–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.08.045.
Peterson, J. W., R. S. Burkhart, D. C. Shaw, A. B. Schuiling, M. J. Haserodt, and M. D. Seymour. 2010. “Experimental determination of ampicillin adsorption to nanometer-size in water.” Chemosphere 80 (11): 1268–1273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.06.055.
Peterson, J. W., B. Gu, and M. D. Seymour. 2015. “Surface interactions and degradation of a fluoroquinolone antibiotic in the dark in aqueous TiO2 suspensions.” Sci. Total Environ. 532: 398–403.
Peterson, J. W., T. A. O’Meara, M. D. Seymour, W. Wang, and B. Gu. 2009. “Sorption mechanisms of cephapirin, a veterinary antibiotic, onto quartz and feldspar minerals as detected by Raman spectroscopy.” Environ. Pollut. 157 (6): 1849–1856. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2009.01.017.
Peterson, J. W., L. J. Petrasky, M. D. Seymour, and R. S. Bergmans. 2016. “Laboratory investigation of antibiotic interactions with nanoparticles in water.” J. Environ. Eng. 142 (5): 04016015. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0001090.
Peterson, J. W., L. J. Petrasky, M. D. Seymour, R. S. Burkhart, and A. B. Schuiling. 2012. “Adsorption and breakdown of penicillin antibiotic in the presence of titanium oxide nanoparticles in water.” Chemosphere 87 (8): 911–917. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.01.044.
Pouyat, R. V., I. D. Yesilonis, and N. E. Golubiewski. 2009. “A comparison of soil organic carbon stocks between residential turf grass and native soil.” Urban Ecosyst. 12 (1): 45–62. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-008-0059-6.
Pouyat, R. V., I. D. Yesilonis, and D. J. Nowak. 2006. “Carbon storage by urban soils in the United States.” J. Environ. Qual. 35 (Jul–Aug): 1566–1575. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2005.0215.
Qian, Y. L., and B. Mecham. 2005. “Long-term effects of recycled wastewater irrigation on soil chemical properties on golf course fairways” Agron. J. 97 (3): 717–721. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2004.0140.
Rengasamy, P., and A. Marchuk. 2011. “Cation ratio of soil structural stability (CROSS).” Soil Res. 49 (3): 280–285. https://doi.org/10.1071/SR10105.
Scheytt, T., P. Mersmann, M. Leidig, A. Pekdeger, and T. Heberer. 2004. “Transport of pharmaceutically active compounds in saturated laboratory columns.” Ground Water 42 (5): 767–773. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2004.tb02730.x.
Sui, Q., X. Cao, S. Lu, W. Zhao, Z. Qui, and G. Yu. 2015. “Occurrence, sources and fate of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the groundwater: A review.” Emerging Contam. 1 (1): 14–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emcon.2015.07.001.
Thiele-Bruhn, S. 2003. “Pharmaceutical antibiotic compounds in soils—A review.” J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 166 (2): 145–167. https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200390023.
Tian, Y., B. Gao, C. Silvera-Batista, and K. J. Ziegler. 2010. “Transport of engineered nanoparticles in saturated porous media.” J. Nanopart. Res. 12 (7): 2371–2380. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-010-9912-7.
Vuong, Q. V., and P. D. Roach. 2014. “Caffeine in green tea: Its removal and isolation.” Sep. Purif. Rev. 43 (2): 155–174. https://doi.org/10.1080/15422119.2013.771127.
Weir, A., P. Westerhoff, L. Fabricus, K. Hristovski, and N. von Goetz. 2012. “Titanium dioxide nanoparticles in food and personal care products.” Environ. Sci. Technol. 46 (4): 2242–2250. https://doi.org/10.1021/es204168d.
Wilcox, J. D., J. M. Bahr, C. J. Hedman, J. D. C. Hemming, M. A. E. Barman, and K. R. Bradbury. 2009. “Removal of organic wastewater contaminants in septic systems using advanced treatment technologies.” J. Environ. Qual. 38 (1): 149–156. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2007.0365.
Xia, K., A. Bhandari, K. Das, and G. Pillar. 2005. “Occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in biosolids.” J. Environ. Qual. 34 (1): 91–104. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2005.0091.
Xu, J., W. Chen, L. Wu, R. Green, and A. C. Chang. 2009. “Leachability of some emerging contaminants in reclaimed municipal wastewater-irrigated turf grass fields.” Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 28 (9): 1842–1850. https://doi.org/10.1897/08-471.1.
Yu, Y., Y. Liu, and L. Wu. 2013. “Sorption and degradation of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in soils.” Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 20 (6): 4261–4267. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-012-1442-7.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 147 • Issue 11 • November 2021
Copyright
© 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Feb 26, 2021
Accepted: Jun 14, 2021
Published online: Aug 18, 2021
Published in print: Nov 1, 2021
Discussion open until: Jan 18, 2022
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.