Effects of Combined Technologies on Environmental Prevention against Livestock Pollution in Biogas Projects
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 145, Issue 8
Abstract
To resolve the contradiction between livestock development and environmental pollution, anaerobic fermentation in biogas projects has been used for more missions, such as co-generation of heat and power, production of anaerobic digested fertilizer for the prevention and control of livestock pollution. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of combined technologies on biogas slurry treatment. Chemical flocculation can remove the total solids (TS), chemical oxygen demand (CODcr), total phosphorus (TP), and total nitrogen (TN) at rates of 89.4%, 95.9%, 98.0% and 73.9%, respectively. However, removal of ammonia nitrogen () (37.1%) and soluble potassium (3.4%) is poor. A facultative oxidation pond can remove and soluble K at rates of 63.5% and 47.5%, respectively. In addition, an ecological forest can remove , soluble K, and TP at rates of 93.1%, 54.9%, and 70%, respectively. Heavy metal pollution is effectively controlled through the whole workflow. Ultraviolet disinfection is still required for pathogen elimination, although the combined processing has a remarkable impact on the removal of fecal coliforms and total coliforms.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank Mr. Haihua Yin and Mr. Yinli-Zhang from Shanghai Linhai Ecological Technology Corp. for in situ sample collection, and Ms. Tinghua Chen and Ms. Wenyan Shen from the Institute of New Rural Development, Tongji University, for some assay experiments. This work was supported by the Shanghai Science Technology Committee (Grant No. 15391912902).
References
Ansa, E. D. O., E. Awuah, A. Andoh, R. Banu, W. H. K. Dorgbetor, H. J. Lubberding, and H. J. Gijze. 2015. “A review of the mechanisms of fecal coliform removal from algal and duckweed waste stabilization pond systems.” Am. J. Environ. Sci. 11 (1): 28–34. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajessp.2015.28.34.
APHA (American Public Health Association). 1998. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 20th ed., 1268. Washington, DC: APHA.
Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection. 1998. Integrated wastewater discharge standard. GB 8978. Beijing: Standards Press of China.
Butler, E., Y. T. Hung, M. S. A. Ahmad, Y. L. Yeh, L. H. Liu, and Y. P. Fu. 2017. “Oxidation pond for municipal wastewater treatment.” Appl. Water Sci. 7 (1): 31–51. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-015-0285-z.
Chen, D. Q., Z. B. Wu, S. P. Cheng, G. P. Fu, and F. He. 2004. “The performance of several integrated systems of constructed wetland and oxidation pond for nitrogen and phosphorus removal.” Sichuan Environ. 23 (6): 4–6.
Cheng, L. H., H. W. Gao, and F. X. Ni. 2003. “The use of ultraviolet disinfection in sewage treatment.” Chin. J. Environ. Eng. 4 (12): 69–72.
Dabrowska, L., and A. Rosińska. 2012. “Change of PCBs and forms of heavy metals in sewage sludge during thermophilic anaerobic digestion.” Chemosphere 88 (2): 168–173.
Dai, X. H., F. Luo, J. Yi, Q. B. He, and B. Dong. 2014. “Biodegradation of polyacrylamide by anaerobic digestion under mesophilic condition and its performance in actual dewatered sludge system.” Bioresour. Technol. 153 (2): 55–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.11.007.
Dong, X. Y., J. Tao, J. Zhang, X. M. Yan, Y. Lu, L. L. Zheng, C. F. He, and H. J. Zhu. 2015. “Model and key technology for waste recycling in large-scale pig farm.” J. Zhejiang Agric. Sci. 56 (12): 2071–2074.
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. 1997. Water quality-determination of potassium and sodium. HZ-HJ-SZ-0050. Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry.
Gilbert, Y., B. Y. Le, G. Aubry, M. Veillette, C. Duchaine, and P. Lessard. 2008. “Microbiological and molecular characterization of denitrification in biofilters treating pig manure.” Bioresour. Technol. 99 (10): 4495–4502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.06.066.
Hosetti, B. B., and S. Frost. 1995. “A review of the sustainable value of effluents and sludges from wastewater stabilization ponds.” Ecol. Eng. 5 (4): 421–431. https://doi.org/10.1016/0925-8574(95)00005-4.
Jácome, J. A., J. Molina, J. Suárez, G. Mosqueira, and D. Torres. 2016. “Performance of constructed wetland applied for domestic wastewater treatment: Case study at Boimorto (Galicia, Spain).” Ecol. Eng. 95: 324–329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.06.049.
Jiang, T., Z. G. Wen, X. G. Ma, J. Yang, M. X. Chen, S. Frank, and G. X. Li. 2016. “Characteristics and efficiency evaluation of livestock slurry separation technologies.” Supplement, Trans. Chin. Soc. Agric. Eng. 32 (S2): 218–225.
Le, S. K., and Y. M. Duan. 2015. “Determination of heavy metal elements in soil by ICP-MS.” Chin. J. Inorg. Anal. Chem. 5 (3): 16–19. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2095-1035.2015.03.005.
Li, J., and S. X. Zheng. 2009. “Preliminary study on the heavy metal content in biogas manure.” Renewable Energy Resour. 27 (1): 62–64.
Ma, J. Q., H. G. Zhu, and M. Fan. 2014. “Study on distribution rules of the heavy metals in anaerobic fermentation residue of biogas.” J. Anhui Agric. Sci. 42 (1): 193–196.
Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China. 2012. Organic fertilizer. NY 525. Beijing: China Agricultural Press.
Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China. 1985. Standard examination methods for drinking water. GB 5750. Beijing: Standards Press of China.
Pei, X. M., D. Zhang, H. X. Shi, H. G. Zhu, Y. Lei, and Z. Wang. 2011. “Collector area optimization of integrated solar and ground source heat pump system for heating biogas digester.” Trans. Chin. Soc. Agric. Mach. 42 (1): 122–128.
Porsche, G. 2007. “The impact of national policies and economic frames for the development of biogas in Germany.” In Proc., Future of Biogas in Europe-III. 44–50. Esbjerg, Denmark: Univ. of Southern Denmark.
Schipanski, M. E., and E. M. Bennett. 2012. “The influence of agricultural trade and livestock production on the global phosphorus cycle.” Ecosystems 15 (2): 256–268. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-011-9507-x.
SEPA (State Environmental Protection Administration of China). 2002. Monitoring and analysis methods of water and wastewater. Beijing: China Environmental Press.
Soares, S. R. A., and R. S. Bernardes. 2001. “Reaction coefficient (K) evaluation for full-scale facultative pond systems.” Bioresour. Technol. 78 (1): 99–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(00)00173-5.
Sobotka, J. 1993. “The efficiency of water treatment and disinfection by means of ultraviolet radiation.” Water Sci. Technol. 27 (3–4): 343–346. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0372.
State Environmental Protection Administration. 2001. Discharge standard of pollutants for livestock and poultry breeding. GB 18596. Beijing: China Environmental Press.
State Environmental Protection Administration. 2002a. Discharge standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plant. GB 18918. Beijing: China Environmental Press.
State Environmental Protection Administration. 2002b. Monitoring and analysis methods for water and wastewater. 4th ed. Beijing: China Environment Science Press.
State Environmental Protection Administration. 2005. Standards for irrigation water quality. GB 5084. Beijing: Standards Press of China.
Sun, L. Y., T. Liu, and L. Zhang. 2016. “The pollution of scale livestock and poultry breeding and its influence on eco-environment.” J. South China Agric. Univ. (Soc. Sci. Ed.) 15 (02): 23–30.
Sun, Z. J. 2004. “Biomass industry and its developmental trends in China.” Trans. Chin. Soc. Agric. Eng. 20 (5): 1–5.
Townsend, A. R., et al. 2003. “Human health effects of a changing global nitrogen cycle.” Front. Ecol. Environ. 1 (5): 240–246. https://doi.org/10.1890/1540-9295(2003)001[0240:HHEOAC]2.0.CO;2.
Walker, P., and T. Kelley. 2003. “Solids, organic load and nutrient concentration reductions in swine waste slurry using a polyacrylamide (PAM)-aided solids flocculation treatment.” Bioresour. Technol. 90 (2): 151–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(03)00116-0.
Wei, Y. Q., and C. Yang. 2008. “Purificatory effect of oxidation pond sewage in Atushi.” Arid Environ. Monit. 22 (3): 156–160.
Xu, Y. M. 1995. “Study of discharge standards on excrement of livestock and poultry farms.” Shanghai Environ. Sci. 14 (2): 27–30.
Yang, H. Y., B. Yu, F. Yin, J. Liu, X. L. Zhao, C. M. Wang, H. Yang, S. Q. Liu, and W. D. Zhang. 2016. “Preliminary study on the effect of PAM on anaerobic digestion of sludge.” J. Yunnan Normal Univ. 36 (6): 8–11.
Yang, P. Y., B. Shang, F. Y. Wen, H. M. Zhao, X. P. Tao, H. M. Dong, Y. Q. Lu, and J. Wang. 2018. “Influences of flocculation on wastewater with high concentration pollutants from dairy cattle farm.” J. Agric. Sci. Technol. 20 (5): 132–139.
Zhang, B., C. Cao, R. M. Hughes, and W. S. Davis. 2017. “China’s new environmental protection regulatory regime: Effects and gaps.” J. Environ. Manage. 187 (Feb): 464–469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.11.009.
Zhang, D., H. X. Shi, H. G. Zhu, Y. Lei, and Z. Wang. 2011a. “How to ensure long-term operation of ground source heat pump system for heating biogas digester.” Energy Conserv. Technol. 29 (1): 9–14.
Zhang, M., P. G. Lawlor, G. Wu, B. Lynch, and X. Zhan. 2011b. “Partial nitrification and nutrient removal in intermittently aerated sequencing batch reactors treating separated digestate liquid after anaerobic digestion of pig manure.” Bioprocess. Biosyst. Eng. 34 (9): 1049–1056. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-011-0556-5.
Zhao, H. D. 1996. “Production, treatment and comprehensive utilization of wastewater from large-scale breeding.” China Biogas 14 (3): 30–32.
Zhong, M. Z., Q. Wang, L. Wang, M. Zhao, and C. Lin. 2016. “Treatment of swine slurry by anaerobic digestion + A2 /O + oxidation pond.” China Biogas 34 (3): 49–52.
Zhu, H. G., J. W. Bi, and H. X. Shi. 2011. “Analysis and optimization of different mixing method in completely mixed digesters.” Trans. Chin. Soc. Agric. Mach. 42 (6): 127–131.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 145 • Issue 8 • August 2019
Copyright
©2019 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Aug 16, 2018
Accepted: Jan 4, 2019
Published online: May 31, 2019
Published in print: Aug 1, 2019
Discussion open until: Oct 31, 2019
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Animals
- Biomass
- Chemical compounds
- Chemical elements
- Chemical properties
- Chemicals
- Chemistry
- Construction engineering
- Construction management
- Ecosystems
- Energy engineering
- Energy sources (by type)
- Environmental engineering
- Fuels
- Livestock
- Nitrogen
- Non-renewable energy
- Nutrient pollution
- Pollution
- Project management
- Solubility
- Thermal pollution
- Water pollution
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.