Synergistic Effect of N and on Nanotitania in Photocatalytic Reduction of
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 137, Issue 3
Abstract
Nitrogen and nickel codoped nanotitania ( ) photocatalysts for producing methanol by photocatalytic reduction of were prepared by an improved sol-gol method. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, HRTEM, DES, FTIR, TG-DSC, and UV-Vis, respectively. The experimental results indicated that nano- had better properties than the pure nanotitania ( ), N doped titania ( ), and doped titania ( ), considering their performance of photoresponse and photocatalytic reduction of . The methanol yield could reach 482.0μmol/g-cat under optimal conditions. Additionally, the synergetic effect of N and on nano- in photocatalytic reduction of was explained, and the mechanism of photocatalytic reduction on catalyst was proposed.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. NNSFC20876125), the Office of Higher Education in Shannxi Province Technology Research Projects (No. UNSPECIFIED08JK451), the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (No. UNSPECIFIED20096101110013), NWU Graduate Cross-discipline Funds ( UNSPECIFIED09YJC24).
References
Anpo, M., Yamashita, H., Ichihashi, Y., Fuji, Y., and Honda, M. ( 1997). “ Photocatalytic reduction of with on titanium oxides anchored within microproes of zeolites: effects of structure of the active sites and the addition of Pt.” J. Phys. Chem. B, 101( 14), 2632– 2636.
Asahi, R., Morikawa, T., Ohwaki, T., Aoki, K., and Taga, Y. ( 2001). “ Visible-light photocatalysis in nitrogen-doped titanium oxides.” Science, 293( 5528), 269– 271.
Chen, L. W., Sheng, W. C., and Gan, L. H. ( 2002). “ Preparation of functional thin films and factors influencing their photocatalytic activity.” J. Funct. Mater., 33( 3), 246– 249.
Cong, Y., Zhang, J. L., Chen, F., Anpo, M., and He, D. N. ( 2007). “ Preparation, photocatalytic activity and mechanism of nano- co-doped with nitrogen and iron (III).” J. Phys. Chem. C, 111( 28), 10618– 10623.
Dey, G. R. ( 2007). “ Chemical reduction of to different products during photocatalytic reaction on under diverse conditions: An overview.” J. Nat. Gas Chem., 16( 3), 217– 226.
Di Valentin, C., Pacchioni, G., Selloni, A., Livraghi, S., and Giamello, E. ( 2005). “ Characterization of paramagnetic species in N-doped powders by EPR spectroscopy and DFT calculations.” J. Phys. Chem. B, 109( 23), 11414– 11419.
Fujishima, A., and Honda, K. ( 1972). “ Electrochemical photolysis of water at a semiconductor electrode.” Nature (London), 238( 5358), 37– 38.
Gu, D. E., Yang, B. C., and Hu, Y. D. ( 2008). “ V and N co-doped nanocrystal Anatase photocatalysts with enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation.” Catal. Commun., 9( 6), 1472– 1476.
Guan, G., Kida, T., Harada, T., Isayama, M., and Yoshida, A. ( 2003a). “ Photoreduction of carbon dioxide with water over photocatalyst combined with catalyst under concentrated sunlight.” Appl. Catal. A, 249( 1), 11– 18.
Guan, G., Kida, T., and Yoshida, A. ( 2003b). “ Reduction of ccarbon dioxide with water under concentrated sunlight using photocatalyst combined with Fe-based catalyst.” Appl. Catal. B, 41( 4), 387– 396.
Hori, H., Ishihara, J., Koike, K., Takeuchi, K., Ibusuki, T., and Ishitani, O. ( 1999). “ Photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide using .” J. Photochem. Photobiol. A, 120( 2), 119– 124.
Hoir, H., Johnson, F. P. A., Koike, K., Ishitani, O., and Ibusuki, T. ( 1996). “ Efficent photocatalytic reduction using .” J. Photochem. Photobiol. A, 96( 1-3), 171– 174.
Ikeue, K., Nozaki, S., Ogawa, M., and Anpo, M. ( 2002). “ Characterization of self-standing Ti-containing porous silica thin films and their reactivity for the photocatalytic reduction of with .” Catal. Today, 74( 3-4), 241– 248.
Ikeue, K., Yamashita, H., Anpo, M., and Takewaki, T. ( 2001). “ Photocatalytic reduction of with on Ti-β zeolite photocatalysts: Effect of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties.” J. Phys. Chem. B, 105( 35), 8350– 8355.
Ji, M., Su, G. F., Sun, D. K., and Fu, X. C. ( 1989). “ IR study of nickel loaded aluminophosphates.” J. Catal., 10( 3), 282– 288 (in Chinese).
Kaneco, S., Kurimoto, H., Ohta, K., Mizuno, T., and Saji, A. ( 1997). “ Photocatalytic reduction of using powers in liquid medium.” J. Photochem. Photobiol. A, 109( 1), 59– 63.
Kim, D. H., Lee, K. S., Kim, Y. S., Chung, Y. C., and Kim, S. J. ( 2006). “ Photocatalytic activity of Ni 8 wt% doping photocatalytst synthesized by mechanical alloying under visible light.” J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 89( 2), 515– 518.
Kočí, K., Obalová, L., and Lacný, Z. ( 2008). “ Photocatalytic reduction of over based catalysts.” Chem. Pap., 62( 1), 1– 9.
Linsebigler, A. L., Lu, G., and Yates, J. T. ( 1995). “ Photocatalysis on surface: Principles, mechanisms, and selected results.” Chem. Rev., 95( 3), 735– 758.
Livraghi, S., Paganini, M. C., Giamello, E., Selloni, A., Di Valentin, C., and Pacchioni, G. ( 2006). “ Origin of photoactivity of nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide under visible light.” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 128( 49), 15666– 15671.
Lo, C. C., Hung, C. H., Yuan, C. S., and Hung, Y. L. ( 2007). “ Parameter effects and reaction pathways of photoreduction of over photocatalyst.” Chin. J. Catal., 28( 6), 528– 534.
Morikawa, T., Ohwaki, T., Suzuki, K., Moribe, S., and Tero-Kubota, S. ( 2008). “ Visible-light-induced photocatalytic oxidation of carboxylic acids and aldehydes over N-doped loaded with Fe, Cu or Pt.” Appl. Catal. B, 83( 1-2), 56– 62.
Nguyen, T. V., and Wu, J. C. S. ( 2008). “ Photoreduction of to fuels under sunlight using optical-fiber reactor.” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, 92( 8), 864– 872.
Sanchez, E., and Lopez, T. ( 1995). “ Effect of the preparation method on the band gap of titania and platinum-titania sol-gel materials.” Mater. Lett., 25( 5-6), 271– 275.
Song, K. X., Zhou, J. H., Bao, J. C., and Feng, Y. Y. ( 2008). “ Photocatalytic activity of (copper, nitrogen)-codoped titanium dioxide nanoparticles.” J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 91( 4), 1369– 1371.
Tseng, H. H., Wei, M. C., Hsiung, S. F., and Chiou, C. W. ( 2009). “ Degradation of xylene vapor over Ni-doped photocatalysts prepared by polyol-mediated synthesis.” Chem. Eng. J. (London), 150( 1), 160– 167.
Tseng, I. H., Chang, W. C., and Wu, J. C. S. ( 2002). “ Photoreduction of using sol-gel derived titania and titania-supported copper catalysts.” Appl. Catal. B, 37( 1), 37– 48.
Wu, J. C. S. ( 2009). “ Photocatalytic reduction of greenhouse gas to fuel.” Chin. J. Catal., 13( 1), 30– 40.
Wu, J. C. S., and Cheng, L. C. ( 2000). “ An improved synthesis of ultrafiltration zirconia membranes via the sol–gel route using alkoxide precursor.” J. Membr. Sci., 167( 2), 253– 261.
Wu, J. C. S., Tseng, I. H., and Chang, W. C. ( 2001). “ Synthesis of titania-supported copper nanoparticles via refined alkoxide sol-gel process.” J. Nanopart. Res., 3( 2-3), 113– 118.
Xu, J. J., Ao, Y. H., Fu, D. G., and Yuan, C. W. ( 2008). “ A simple route for the preparation of Eu, N-codoped nano particles with enhanced visible light-induced photocatalytic activity.” J. Colloid Interface Sci., 328( 2), 447– 451.
Yu, H., Li, X. J., Zheng, S. J., and Xu, W. ( 2006). “ Photocatalytic activity of thin film non-uniformly doped by Ni.” Mater. Chem. Phys., 97( 1), 59– 63.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 137 • Issue 3 • March 2011
Pages: 171 - 176
Copyright
© 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Dec 27, 2009
Accepted: Aug 1, 2010
Published online: Aug 5, 2010
Published in print: Mar 1, 2011
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.