Strengthening Prestressed Concrete Box Girder Bridge by Upgrading Structural System
Publication: Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 34, Issue 1
Abstract
The Yellow River Dongming Highway Bridge (YRDMHB) is a prestressed concrete rigid frame-continuous girder bridge located in Shandong Province, China, constructed in 1993. After 10 years of operation, a deflection of 150 mm was observed at the midspan of the bridge, and this deflection had a considerable negative influence on the serviceability of the structure. This research presents a strengthening process for the YRDMHB using stay cables to mitigate the midspan deflection. Specifically, the girder structure is modified to a pseudo-cable–stayed bridge by adding an extension system, which consists of two pairs of stay cables, towers, and joist-bracket structures. Furthermore, steel joist-bracket structures are added below the four sections of the main girder to anchor the cables. The load of the girder is shared by the cables and transferred to the new main towers, changing the internal force and line shape of the girder. Through this strengthening method, the original girder structure is upgraded to a cable-girder cooperative work system. The strengthening work includes theoretical analysis, laboratory tests, plan implementation, and field load tests. First, the strengthening scheme using stay cables is illustrated and laboratory static load tests are conducted to verify the applicability of the proposed plan. Second, the strengthening scheme is implemented and the key mechanical and geometrical parameters are monitored. Third, to examine the effectiveness of the strengthening project, field load tests are conducted. The results show that the static and dynamic performance of different span box girders is better than that before strengthening. Through the strengthening process described in this paper, the stiffness of the structure is improved by strengthening.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Bažant, Z. P., Q. Yu, and G. H. Li. 2012. “Excessive long-time deflections of prestressed box girders. I: Record-span bridge in Palau and other paradigms.” J. Struct. Eng. 138 (6): 676–686. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000487.
Harris, H. G., and G. M. Sabnis. 1999. Structural modeling and experimental techniques. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Haveresch, K. 2011. “Checking and strengthening older pre-stressed concrete bridges.” Beton-Stahlbetonbau 106 (2): 89–102. https://doi.org/10.1002/best.201000085.
Hollaway, L. C., and J. Cadei. 2002. “Progress in the technique of upgrading metallic structures with advanced polymer composites.” Prog. Struct. Mater. Eng. 4 (2): 131–148. https://doi.org/10.1002/pse.112.
Hossdorf, H. 1975. Model analysis of structures. New York: Van Nostrad Reinhold Company.
Kamruzzaman, M., M. Z. Jumaat, N. H. R. Sulong, and A. B. M. S. Islam. 2014. “A review on strengthening steel beams using FRP under fatigue.” Sci. World J. 2014: 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/702537.
Li, Y., C. S. Cai, Y. Liu, Y. J. Chen, and J. F. Liu. 2016. “Dynamic analysis of a large span specially shaped hybrid girder bridge with concrete-filled steel tube arches.” Eng. Struct. 106 (Jan): 243–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.10.026.
Liu, Z. M. 1999. “Test study of bridge structure models.” [In Chinese.] Bridge Constr. 4: 1–7. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1003-4722.1999.04.001.
Marí, A. R., J. M. Bairán, and N. Duarte. 2010. “Long-term deflections in cracked reinforced concrete flexural members.” Eng. Struct. 32 (3): 829–842. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.12.009.
MOCAT (Ministry of Communications and Transportation). 1989. General code for design of highway bridges and culverts. [In Chinese.]. Beijing: MOCAT.
MOCAT (Ministry of Communications and Transportation). 2004a. General code for design of highway bridges and culverts. [In Chinese.]. Beijing: MOCAT.
MOCAT (Ministry of Communications and Transportation). 2004b. Wind-resistant design specification for highway bridges. [In Chinese.]. Beijing: MOCAT.
MOCAT (Ministry of Communications and Transportation). 2015. Load test methods for highway bridge. [In Chinese.]. Beijing: MOCAT.
Pakos, W., Z. Wójcicki, J. Grosel, K. Majcher, and W. Sawicki. 2016. “Experimental research of cable tension tuning of a scaled model of cable stayed bridge.” Arch. Civ. Mech. Eng. 16 (1): 41–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acme.2015.09.001.
Robertson, I. N. 2005. “Prediction of vertical deflections for a long-span prestressed concrete bridge structure.” Eng. Struct. 27 (12): 1820–1827. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2005.05.013.
Rodriguez, S. 2004. “Design of long span concrete box girder bridges: Challenges and solutions.” In Proc., 2004 Structural Engineering Institute. Reston, VA: ASCE.
Shaat, A., D. Schnerch, A. Fam, and S. Rizkalla. 2004. “Retrofit of steel structures using fiber reinforced polymers (FRP): State-of-the-art.” In Proc., 83rd Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, 1–18. Washington, DC: Transportation Research Board.
Takács, P. F. 2002. “Deformations in concrete cantilever bridges: Observations and theoretical modelling.” Doctoral thesis, Dept. of Structural Engineering, Norwegian Univ. of Science and Technology.
Teng, J. G., T. Yu, and D. Fernando. 2012. “Strengthening of steel structures with fiber-reinforced polymer composites.” J Constr. Steel. Res. 78 (Nov): 131–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2012.06.011.
Welsch, T., K. Reissen, M. Schnellenbach-Held, J. Hegger, D. von Weschpfennig, and P. Haardt. 2016. “Experiences on the strengthening of concrete bridges.” Beton-Stahlbetonbau 111 (4): 243–254. https://doi.org/10.1002/best.201600005.
Xie, J., G. L. Wang, and X. H. Zheng. 2007. “Review of study of long-term deflection for long span prestressed concrete box-girder bridge.” [In Chinese.] J. Highway Transp. Res. Dev. 2 (2): 47–51. https://doi.org/10.1061/JHTRCQ.0000194.
Yang, I. H. 2003. “Probabilistic analysis of creep and shrinkage effects in PSC box girder bridges.” KSCE J. Civ. Eng. 7 (3): 275–284. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02831778.
Zhao, X. L., and L. Zhang. 2007. “State-of-the-art review on FRP strengthened steel structures.” Eng. Struct. 29 (8): 1808–1823. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.10.006.
Zheng, H. B., X. L. Yu, J. L. Hu, and Q. S. Yan. 2010. “Parameter sensitivity analysis of vertical deflection for long-span continuous rigid-frame bridge.” Adv. Mater. Res. 163–167: 1500–1504. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.163-167.1500.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities
Volume 34 • Issue 1 • February 2020
Copyright
©2019 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Dec 17, 2018
Accepted: Jun 10, 2019
Published online: Nov 30, 2019
Published in print: Feb 1, 2020
Discussion open until: Apr 30, 2020
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.