Technical Papers
Aug 6, 2018

Fatigue and Monotonic Behaviors of Corrosion-Damaged Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened with FRCM Composites

Publication: Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 22, Issue 5

Abstract

This paper provides a comprehensive account of using fabric-reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM) composites to strengthen corrosion-damaged reinforced concrete (RC) structures subjected to monotonic loading and fatigue. Twelve beams were constructed and tested to failure under four-point loading configuration. Prior to testing, 10 beams were subjected to accelerated corrosion for 140 days, leading to an average mass loss in the steel reinforcement of 19%. Eight corrosion-damaged beams were strengthened and tested while the other two beams remained unstrengthened. Two other virgin beams that were not subjected to corrosion were used as benchmarks. The test parameters included the fabric material (polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazole and carbon), the number of FRCM plies, the strengthening configuration, and the type of loading (monotonic and fatigue). Test results showed that the corrosion of steel bars dramatically decreased the fatigue life of the beams. After strengthening, the corrosion-damaged beams fully restored the load-carrying capacity of the virgin beam. The FRCM-strengthened beams endured more load cycles than those endured by their unstrengthened benchmarks but could not restore the original fatigue life of the virgin beam. The effect of FRCM configuration was more pronounced in the beams subjected to fatigue than those tested monotonically. PBO-FRCM composites were more effective than the carbon counterparts in enhancing the fatigue performance of the corrosion-damaged beams.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Acknowledgments

This paper was made possible by NPRP Grant No. NPRP 7-1720-2-64 from Qatar Foundation. The authors would like to express their gratitude to Simpson Strong-Tie and Ruredil for donating the FRCM used in this study. The findings achieved herein are solely the responsibility of the authors.

References

ACI (American Concrete Institute). 2013. Guide to design and construction of externally bonded fabric-reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM) systems for repair and strengthening concrete and masonry structures. ACI 549.4R-13. Farmington Hills, MI: ACI.
ACI (American Concrete Institute). 2014. Building code requirements for structural concrete. ACI 318-14. Farmington Hills, MI: ACI.
Aljazaeri, Z. R., and J. J. Myers. 2017. “Fatigue and flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with a fiber reinforced cementitious matrix.” J. Compos. Constr. 21 (1): 04016075. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000726.
Al-Saidy, A. H., and K. S. Al-Jabri. 2011. “Effect of damaged concrete cover on the behavior of corroded concrete beams repaired with CFRP sheets.” Compos. Struct. 93 (7): 1775–1786. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2011.01.011.
Al-Salloum, Y. A., H. M. Elsanadedy, S. H. Alsayed, and R. Iqbal. 2012. “Experimental and numerical study for the shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beams using textile-reinforced mortar.” J. Compos. Constr. 16 (1): 74–90. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000239.
ASTM. 2011. Standard practice for preparing, cleaning, and evaluating corrosion test specimens. ASTM-G1-03. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
Brückner, A., R. Ortlepp, and M. Curbach. 2006. “Textile reinforced concrete for strengthening in bending and shear.” Mater. Struct. 39 (8): 741–748. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-005-9027-2.
D’Ambrisi, A., and F. Focacci. 2011. “Flexural strengthening of RC beams with cement-based composites.” J. Compos. Constr. 15 (5): 707–720. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000218.
Ebead, U., K. C. Shrestha, M. S. Afzal, A. El Refai, and A. Nanni. 2017. “Effectiveness of fabric-reinforced cementitious matrix in strengthening reinforced concrete beams.” J. Compos. Constr. 21 (2): 04016084. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000741.
Ekenel, M., and J. J. Myers. 2009. “Fatigue performance of CFRP strengthened RC beams under environmental conditioning and sustained load.” J. Compos. Constr. 13 (2): 93–102. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2009)13:2(93).
Elghazy, M., A. El Refai, U. Ebead, and A. Nanni. 2018. “Post-repair flexural performance of corrosion-damaged beams rehabilitated with fabric-reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM).” Constr. Build. Mater. 166 (1): 732–744. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.01.128.
Elghazy, M., A. El Refai, U. A. Ebead, and A. Nanni. 2017. “Effect of corrosion damage on the flexural performance of RC beams strengthened with FRCM composites.” Compos. Struct. 180 (1) : 994–1006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.08.069.
El Maaddawy, T. A., and K. A. Soudki. 2003. “Effectiveness of impressed current technique to simulate corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 15 (1): 41–47. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2003)15:1(41).
El-Maaddawy, T., and A. El Refai. 2016. “Innovative repair of severely corroded T-beams using fabric-reinforced cementitious matrix innovative repair of severely corroded T-beams using fabric-reinforced cementitious matrix.” J. Compos. Constr. 20 (3): 04015073. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000641.
El Refai, A., J. West, and K. Soudki. 2012. “Fatigue of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with externally post-tensioned CFRP tendons.” J. Constr. Build. Mater. 29 (1) : 246–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.10.014.
Elsanadedy, H. M., T. H. Almusallam, S. H. Alsayed, and Y. A. Al-Salloum. 2013. “Flexural strengthening of RC beams using textile reinforced mortar: Experimental and numerical study.” Compos. Struct. 97 (1) : 40–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2012.09.053.
Hashemi, S., and R. Al-Mahaidi. 2012. “Experimental and finite element analysis of flexural behavior of FRP-strengthened RC beams using cement-based adhesives.” Constr. Build. Mater. 26 (1): 268–273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.06.021.
Heffernan, P. J., M. A. Erki, and D. L. DuQuesnay. 2004. “Stress redistribution in cyclically loaded reinforced concrete beams.” ACI Struct. J. 101 (2): 261–268.
Loreto, G., L. Leardini, D. Arboleda, and A. Nanni. 2014. “Performance of RC slab-type elements strengthened with fabric-reinforced cementitious-matrix composites.” J. Compos. Constr. 18 (3): A4013003. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000415.
Ma, Y., Y. Xiang, L. Wang, J. Zhang, and Y. Liu. 2014. “Fatigue life prediction for aging RC beams considering corrosive environments.” Eng. Struct. 79 (1) : 211–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.07.039.
Masoud, S., K. Soudki, and T. Topper. 2001. “CFRP-strengthened and corroded RC beams under monotonic and fatigue loads.” J. Compos. Constr. 5 (4): 228–236. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2001)5:4(228).
Ombres, L. 2011. “Flexural analysis of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with a cement based high strength composite material.” Compos. Struct. 94 (1): 143–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2011.07.008.
Parvez, A., and S. J. Foster. 2015. “Fatigue behavior of steel-fiber-reinforced concrete beams.” J. Struct. Eng. 141 (4): 04014117. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001074.
Pino, V., H. Hadad, F. Basalo, A. Nanni, U. Ebead, and A. Refai. 2017. “Performance of FRCM-strengthened RC beams subject to fatigue.” J. Bridge Eng. 22 (10): 04017079. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0001107.
Schladitz, F., M. Frenzel, D. Ehlig, and M. Curbach. 2012. “Bending load capacity of reinforced concrete slabs strengthened with textile reinforced concrete.” J. Eng. Struct. 40 (1): 317–326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.02.029.
Schläfli, M., and E. Brühwiler. 1998. “Fatigue of existing reinforced concrete bridge deck slabs.” Eng. Struct. 20 (11): 991–998. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(97)00194-6.
Si Larbi, A., R. Contamine, and P. Hamelin. 2012. “TRC and hybrid solutions for repairing and/or strengthening reinforced concrete beams.” Eng. Struct. 2 (1): 527–534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.06.002.
Täljsten, B., and T. Blanksvärd. 2007. “Mineral-based bonding of carbon FRP to strengthen concrete structures.” J. Compos. Constr. 11 (2): 120–128. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2007)11:2(120).
Tetta, Z. C., L. N. Koutas, and D. A. Bournas. 2015. “Textile-reinforced mortar (TRM) versus fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) in shear strengthening of concrete beams.” Compos. Part B: Eng. 77 (1): 338–348. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2015.03.055.
Yi, W., S. K. Kunnath, X. Sun, C. Shi, and F. Tang. 2010. “Fatigue behavior of reinforced concrete beams with corroded steel reinforcement.” ACI Struct. J. 107 (5): 526–533.
Yin, S., J. Sheng, D. Ph, X. Wang, and S. Li. 2016. “Experimental investigations of the bending fatigue performance of TRC-strengthened RC beams in conventional and aggressive chlorate environments.” J. Compos. Constr. 20 (2): 04015051. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000617.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Composites for Construction
Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 22Issue 5October 2018

History

Received: May 9, 2017
Accepted: Apr 25, 2018
Published online: Aug 6, 2018
Published in print: Oct 1, 2018
Discussion open until: Jan 6, 2019

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Ph.D. Graduate, Dept. of Civil and Water Engineering, Laval Univ., Quebec City, QC, Canada G1V 0A6 (corresponding author). ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5083-5629. Email: [email protected]
Ahmed El Refai [email protected]
Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil and Water Engineering, Laval Univ., Quebec City, QC, Canada G1V 0A6. Email: [email protected]
Usama Ebead, M.ASCE [email protected]
Professor, Dept. of Civil and Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar Univ., P.O. Box 2713 Doha, Qatar. Email: [email protected]
Antonio Nanni, F.ASCE [email protected]
Inaugural Senior Scholar, Professor and Chair, Dept. of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Miami, 1251 Memorial Dr., Coral Gables, FL 33146-0630. Email: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share