Effect of Transverse Reinforcement Ratio on the Shear Strength of GFRP-RC Continuous Beams
Publication: Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 20, Issue 1
Abstract
A total of seven large-scale continuous concrete beams reinforced with glass fiber reinforced polymers (GFRP) bars and stirrups were constructed and tested to failure. One reference beam was reinforced with steel bars and stirrups and six beams were reinforced longitudinally and transversally with GFRP bars. Moreover, a three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) model was constructed to simulate the shear behavior of such beams. The beams had rectangular cross section of and were continuous over two spans of 2,800 mm. The test variables include concrete strength and transverse reinforcement ratio. All test beams failed in shear near the interior support after significant moment redistribution. Also, the test results showed that no significant increase in the shear strength occurred when the shear reinforcement ratio increased by using a larger stirrup diameter. On the other hand, the FE models showed that increasing the transverse reinforcement ratio through decreasing the stirrup spacing is more efficient. Experimental and numerical results showed that the CSA/S806-12 code yielded better predictions compared with the ACI 440.1R-06 guidelines.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The authors wish to express their gratitude and sincere appreciation for the financial support received from the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), through the Canada Research Chairs program. The help received from the technical staff of the McQuade Heavy Structural Laboratory at the University of Manitoba is also acknowledged.
References
ACI (American Concrete Institute). (2006). “Guide for the design and construction of structural concrete reinforced with FRP bars.”, Farmington Hills, MI.
ACI (American Concrete Institute). (2011). “Building code requirements for structural concrete and commentary.”, Farmington Hills, MI.
Ahmed, E., El-Salakawy, E., and Benmokrane, B. (2010). “Performance evaluation of glass fiber-reinforced polymer shear reinforcement for concrete beams.” ACI Struct. J., 107(1), 53–62.
Alves, J., El-Ragaby, A., and El-Salakawy, E. (2011). “Durability of GFRP bars bond to concrete under different loading and environmental conditions.” J. Compos. Constr., 249–262.
CEB (Comité Européen du béton). (1990). “CEB-FIP model code for concrete structures.” Paris.
Cervenka, V., Jendele, L., and Cervenka, J. (2013). ATENA program documentation. Part 1: Theory, Cervenka Consulting Ltd., Prague, Czech.
CSA (Canadian Standard Association). (2004). “Design of concrete structures.” A23.3-04, Rexdale, ON, Canada.
CSA (Canadian Standard Association). (2012). “Design and construction of building structures with fibre-reinforced polymers.” S806-12, Rexdale, ON, Canada.
CSA (Canadian Standards Association). (2009). “Carbon steel bars for concrete reinforcement.” G30.18-09, Rexdale, ON, Canada.
El Chabib, H., Nehdi, M., and SaÏd, A. (2006). “Predicting the effect of stirrups on shear strength of reinforced normal-strength concrete (NSC) and high-strength concrete (HSC) slender beams using artificial intelligence.” Can. J. Civ. Eng., 33(8), 933–944.
El-Mogy, M., El-Ragaby, A., and El-Salakawy, E. (2010). “Flexural behavior of continuous FRP-reinforced concrete beams.” J. Compos. Constr., 669–680.
El-Mogy, M., El-Ragaby, A., and El-Salakawy, E. (2011). “Effect of transverse reinforcement on the flexural behavior of continuous concrete beams reinforced with FRP.” J. Compos. Constr., 672–681.
El-Mogy, M., El-Ragaby, A., and El-Salakawy, E. (2013). “Experimental testing and finite element modeling on continuous concrete beams reinforced with fibre reinforced polymer bars and stirrups.” Can. J. Civ. Eng., 40(11), 1091–1102.
El-Sayed, A., El-Salakawy, E., and Benmokrane, B. (2006a). “Shear capacity of high-strength concrete beams reinforced with FRP bars.” ACI Struct. J., 103(3), 383–389.
El-Sayed, A., El-Salakawy, E., and Benmokrane, B. (2006b). “Shear strength of FRP-reinforced concrete beams without transverse reinforcement.” ACI Struct. J., 103(2), 235–243.
Ernst, G. C. (1958). “Moment and shear redistribution in two-span continuous reinforced concrete beams.” ACI Struct. J., 30(5), 573–589.
Gravina, R. J., and Smith, S. T. (2008). “Flexural behaviour of indeterminate concrete beams reinforced with FRP bars.” Eng. Struct., 30(9), 2370–2380.
Habeeb, M. N., and Ashour, A. F. (2008). “Flexural behavior of continuous GFRP reinforced concrete beams.” J. Compos. Constr., 115–124.
Hordijk, D. A. (1991). “Local approach to fatigue of concrete.” Ph.D. dissertation, Delft Univ. of Technology, Delft, Netherlands.
Johnson, M. K., and Ramirez, J. A. (1989). “Minimum shear reinforcement in beams with higher strength concrete.” ACI Struct. J., 86(4), 376–382.
Kara, I. F., and Ashour, A. F. (2013). “Moment redistribution in continuous FRP reinforced concrete beams.” Constr. Build. Mater., 49, 939–948.
Kupfer, H., Hilsdorf, H. K., and Rüsch, H. (1969). “Behavior of concrete under biaxial stress.” ACI J., 66(8), 656–666.
Mahmoud, K., and El-Salakawy, E. (2014). “Shear strength of GFRP-reinforced concrete continuous beams with minimum transverse reinforcement.” J. Compos. Constr., 04013018.
Ozcebe, G., Ersoy, U., and Tankut, T. (1999). “Evaluation of minimum shear reinforcement requirements for higher strength concrete.” ACI Struct. J., 96(3), 361–369.
Razaqpur, G. A., Isgor, B., Greenaway, S., and Selley, A. (2004). “Concrete contribution to the shear resistance of fiber reinforced polymer reinforced concrete members.” J. Compos. Constr., 452–460.
Rodriguez, J. J., Bianchini, A. C., Viest, I. M., and Kesler, C. E. (1959). “Shear strength of two-span continuous reinforced concrete beams.” ACI Struct. J., 55(4), 1089–1130.
Roller, J., and Russell, G. (1990). “Shear strength of high-strength concrete beams with web reinforcement.” ACI Struct. J., 87(2), 191–198.
Santos, P., Laranja, G., França, P., and Correia, J. R. (2013). “Ductility and moment redistribution capacity of multi-span T-section concrete beams reinforced with GFRP bars.” Constr. Build. Mater., 49, 949–961.
Vecchio, F. J., and Collins, M. P. (1986). “Modified compression-field theory for reinforced concrete beams subjected to shear.” ACI J., 83(2), 219–231.
Yost, J. R., Gross, S. P., and Dinehart, D. W. (2001). “Shear strength of normal strength concrete beams reinforced with deformed GFRP bars.” J. Compos. Constr., 268–275.
Zararis, P. D. (2003). “Shear strength and minimum shear reinforcement of reinforced concrete slender beams.” ACI Struct. J., 100(2), 203–2014.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Oct 17, 2014
Accepted: Mar 18, 2015
Published online: May 13, 2015
Discussion open until: Oct 13, 2015
Published in print: Feb 1, 2016
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.