RC Slabs Strengthened with Prestressed and Gradually Anchored CFRP Strips under Monotonic and Cyclic Loading
Publication: Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 15, Issue 2
Abstract
This paper presents the test results of reinforced concrete slabs strengthened with prestressed and gradually anchored carbon fiber–reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips under monotonic and cyclic loading. To take full advantage of the externally bonded CFRP technique, it is beneficial to apply the laminates in a prestressed state, which relieves the stress in the steel reinforcement and reduces crack widths and deflection. The aim of the monotonic tests was to determine the strengthening efficiency of the new prestressing technique and to investigate serviceability and ultimate states. The cyclic tests were performed to identify the fatigue behavior of the strengthened slabs and to investigate the influence of long-term cyclic loading and elevated temperature on the bond properties of the prestressed CFRP laminates and the ductility and flexural strength of the strengthened slabs. A nonlinear analytical model of reinforced concrete members strengthened with passive and prestressed CFRP strips under static loading is proposed in the paper. A comparison of the experimental and predicted results reveals an excellent agreement in the full range of loading.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The writers would like to thank the EMPA for their support within the experimental part on this project and extend their sincere appreciation especially to Masoud Motavalli, the head of the Structural Laboratory.
References
Advisory Committee on Technical Recommendations for Construction of Consiglio Nazionale delle Richerche (CNR). (2004). “Guide for the design and construction of externally bonded FRP systems for strengthening existing structures—Materials, RC and PC structures, masonry structures.” CNR-DT 200/2004, Rome.
Aidoo, J., Harries, K. A., and Petrou, M. F. (2004). “Fatigue behavior of carbon fiber reinforced polymer strengthened reinforced concrete bridge girders.” J. Compos. Constr., 8(6), 501–509.
American Concrete Institute (ACI). (2002). “Guide for the design and construction of externally bonded FRP systems for strengthening concrete structures.” ACI 440.2R-02, Farmington Hills, MI.
Aram, M. R., Czaderski, C., and Motavalli, M. (2008). “Effects of gradually anchored prestressed CFRP strips bonded on prestressed concrete slabs.” J. Compos. Constr., 12(1), 25–34.
Bakis, C. E., et al. (2002). “Fiber-reinforced polymer composites for construction-state-of-the-art review.” J. Compos. Constr., 6(2), 73–87.
Concrete Society. (2004). “Design guidance for strengthening concrete structures using fibre composite materials.” Technical Rep. No. 55, Camberly, UK.
Czaderski, C., and Motavalli, M. (2007). “40-year-old full-scale concrete bridge girder strengthened with prestressed CFRP plates anchored using gradient method.” Composites, Part B, 38(7–8), 878–886.
Czkwianianc, A., and Kaminska, M. E. (1993). Method of nonlinear analysis of one-dimensional reinforced concrete members, KILiW PAN IPPT, Warsaw, 36 (in Polish).
Deuring, M. (1993). “Verstärken von Stahlbeton mit gespannten Faserverbundwerkstoffen,” Bericht Nr. 224, EMPA, Dübendorf, Switzerland (in German).
El-Hacha, R., Wight, R., and Green, M. (2001). “Prestressed fibre-reinforced polymer laminates for strengthening structures.” Prog. Struct. Eng. Mater., 3(2), 111–121.
El-Hacha, R., Wight, R. G., and Green, M. F. (2003). “Innovative system for prestressing fiber-reinforced polymer sheets.” ACI Struct. J., 100(3), 305–313.
fib Task Group 9.3. (2001). Externally bonded FRP reinforcement for RC structures, fib Bulletin 14, Int. Federation for Structural Concrete, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Garden, H. N., and Hollaway, L. C. (1998). “An experimental study of the failure modes of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with prestressed carbon composite plates.” Composites, Part B, 29(4), 411–424.
Harries, K. A., and Aidoo, J. (2006). “Debonding and fatigue-related strain limits for externally bonded FRP.” J. Compos. Constr., 10(1), 87–90.
Heffernan, P. J. (1997). “Fatigue behavior of reinforced concrete slabs strengthened with CFRP laminates.” Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Royal Military College of Canada, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Heffernan, P. J., and Erki, M. A. (2004). “Fatigue behavior of reinforced concrete slabs strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced plastic laminates.” J. Compos. Constr., 8(2), 132–140.
Heffernan, P. J., Wight, R. G., and Erki, M. A. (2002). “Fatigue behavior of concrete slabs strengthened with prestressed CFRP sheets.” Proc., Durability of Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites for Construction, Univ. de Sherbrooke Montréal, 465–474.
Japan Society of Civil Engineers (JSCE). (2001). “Recommendations for the upgrading of concrete structures with use of continuous fiber sheets.” Concrete Engineering Series 41, Tokyo.
Kim, Y. J. (2006). “Strengthening concrete structures with prestressed CFRP sheets: Laboratory and numerical investigations to field application.” Ph.D. thesis, Queen’s Univ., Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Kim, Y. J., Wight, R. G., and Green, M. F. (2008). “Flexural strengthening of RC slabs with prestressed CFRP sheets: Development of nonmetallic anchor systems.” J. Compos. Constr., 12(1), 35–43.
Kotynia, R. (1999). “Ductility and load capacity of reinforced concrete members strengthened with CFRP strips.” Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Architecture, and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Lodz, Poland (in Polish).
Kotynia, R., and Kaminska, M. E. (2003). “Ductility and failure mode of RC slabs strengthened for flexure with CFRP.” Rep. No. 13, Dep. Conc. Struct., Technical Univ. of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Larson, K. H., Peterman, R. J., and Rashheed, H. A. (2005). “Strength fatigue behavior of fiber reinforced polymer strengthened prestressed concrete T-slabs.” J. Compos. Constr., 9(4), 313–326.
Masoud, S., Soudki, K., and Topper, T. (2005). “Postrepair fatigue performance of FRP-repaired corroded RC slabs: Experimental and analytical investigation.” J. Compos. Constr., 9(5), 441–449.
Meier, U. (1995). “Strengthening of structures using carbon fibre/epoxy composites.” Constr. Build. Mater., 9(6), 341–351.
Meier, U., Deuring, M., Meier, H., and Schwegler, G. (1993). “Strengthening of structures with advanced composites.” Alternate materials for the reinforcement and prestressing of concrete, J. L. Clarke, ed., Blackie Academic and Professional, Glasgow, UK.
Rosenboom, O. A., and Rizkalla, S. M. (2005). “Fatigue behavior of prestressed concrete bridge girders strengthened with various CFRP systems.” Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcement for concrete structures, SP-230, ACI, Detroit, 597–612.
Shahawy, M., and Beitelman, T. E. (1999). “Static and fatigue performance of RC slabs strengthened with CFRP laminates.” J. Struct. Eng., 125(6), 613–621.
Stöcklin, I., and Meier, U. (2003). “Strengthening of concrete structures with prestressed and gradually anchored CFRP strips.” Proc., 6th Int. Symp. FRP Reinforcement for Concrete Structures, FRPRCS-6, K. H. Tan, ed., World Scientific, Singapore, 1321–1330.
Teng, J. G., Chen, J. F., Smith, S. T., and Lam, L. (2002). FRP strengthened RC structures, Wiley, Chichester, UK.
Trintafillou, T. C., Deskovic, N., and Deuring, M. (1992). “Strengthening of concrete structures with prestressed fiber reinforced sheets.” ACI Struct. J., 89(3), 235–244.
Wight, R. G., Green, M. F., and Erki, M.-A. (2001). “Prestressed FRP sheets for poststrengthening reinforced concrete slabs.” J. Compos. Constr., 5(4), 214–220.
Wu, Z. S., Iwashita, K., Hayashi, K., Higuchi, T., Murakami, S., and Koseki, Y. (2003). “Strengthening prestressed-concrete girders with externally prestressed PBO fiber reinforced polymer sheets.” J. Reinf. Plast. Compos., 22(14), 1269–1286.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Oct 6, 2009
Accepted: Jun 3, 2010
Published online: Jun 8, 2010
Published in print: Apr 1, 2011
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.