Bending and Buckling Behavior of Hollow-Core FRP–Concrete–Steel Columns
Publication: Journal of Bridge Engineering
Volume 24, Issue 8
Abstract
This article presents a numerical study on the behavior of hollow-core fiber-reinforced polymer–concrete–steel (HC-FCS) columns under combined axial compression and lateral loadings. The investigated HC-FCS columns consisted of an outer circular fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) tube, an inner square steel tube, and a concrete wall between them. The HC-FCS column has several advantages over RC columns. The tubes act a stay-in-place formwork, providing continuous confinement and reinforcement. The concrete shell prevents the outward buckling of the steel tube, which improves the column strength. Three-dimensional (3D) numerical models were developed and validated against experimental results. The models subsequently were used to conduct a parametric finite-element (FE) study investigating the effects of the concrete wall thickness, steel tube width-to-thickness (B/ts) ratio, confinement ratio, concrete strength, applied axial load level, and buckling instabilities on the behavior of the HC-FCS columns, with a particular emphasis on local buckling of the inner tube. This study revealed that the behavior of HC-FCS columns is complicated due to the interaction of the stiffness of the three different materials: concrete, steel, and FRP. In general, in the HC-FCS columns with square steel tubes, failure was triggered by local buckling of the steel tube followed by FRP rupture. The presence of the concrete wall restrained by the outer FRP and inner steel tubes significantly affected the steel tube buckling. Expressions were also developed to predict the local buckling stresses and strains of the square steel tube.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Abdelkarim, O. I., and M. A. ElGawady. 2015. “Analytical and finite-element modeling of FRP-concrete-steel double-skin tubular columns.” J. Bridge Eng. 20 (8): B4014005. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000700.
Abdelkarim, O. I., and M. A. ElGawady. 2016a. “Behavior of hollow FRP–concrete–steel columns under static cyclic axial compressive loading.” Eng. Struct. 123: 77–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.05.031.
Abdelkarim, O. I., and M. A. ElGawady. 2016b. “Dynamic and static behavior of hollow-core FRP-concrete-steel and reinforced concrete bridge columns under vehicle collision.” Polymers 8 (12): 432. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym8120432.
Abdelkarim, O. I., and M. A. ElGawady. 2016c. “Performance of hollow-core FRP-concrete-steel bridge columns subjected to vehicle collision.” Eng. Struct. 123: 517–531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.05.048.
Abdelkarim, O., and M. A. ElGawady. 2017. “Performance of bridge piers under vehicle collision.” Eng. Struct. 140: 337–352.
Abdelkarim, O. I., M. A. ElGawady, S. Anumolu, A. Gheni, and G. E. Sanders. 2018. “Behavior of hollow-core FRP-concrete-steel columns under static cyclic flexural loading.” J. Struct. Eng. 144 (2): 04017188. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001905.
Abdelkarim, O. I., M. A. ElGawady, A. Gheni, S. Anumolu, and M. M. Abdulazeez. 2017. “Seismic performance of innovative hollow-core FRP–concrete–steel bridge columns.” J. Bridge Eng. 22 (2): 04016120. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000985.
Abdulazeez, M. M., A. Gheni, O. I. Abdelkarim, and M. A. ElGawady. 2018. “Column-footing connection evaluation of hollow-core composite bridge columns.” J. Am Concr. Inst. 327: 39.31–39.14.
ACI (American Concrete Institute). 2014. Building code requirements for structural concrete and commentary. ACI 318-14. Farmington Hills, MI: ACI.
Anumolu, S., O. I. Abdelkarim, M. M. Abdulazeez, A. Gheni, and M. A. ElGawady. 2017. “Hollow-core FRP-concrete-steel bridge columns under torsional loading.” Fibers 5 (4): 44. https://doi.org/10.3390/fib5040044.
Byklum, E., and J. Amdahl. 2002. “A simplified method for elastic large deflection analysis of plates and stiffened panels due to local buckling.” Thin-Walled Struct. 40 (11): 925–953. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0263-8231(02)00042-3.
Cheung, Y. K. 1976. Finite strip method in structural analysis. Oxford, UK: Pergamon.
Dawood, H., M. A. ElGawady, and J. Hewes. 2014. “Factors affecting the seismic behavior of segmental precast bridge columns.” Front. Struct. Civ. Eng. 8 (4): 388–398. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11709-014-0264-8.
Ge, H., and T. Usami. 1994. “Strength analysis of concrete-filled thin-walled steel box columns.” J. Constr. Steel Res. 30 (3): 259–281. https://doi.org/10.1016/0143-974X(94)90003-5.
Guo, L., S. Zhang, W. J. Kim, and G. Ranzi. 2007. “Behavior of square hollow steel tubes and steel tubes filled with concrete.” Thin-Walled Struct. 45 (12): 961–973. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2007.07.009.
Kosloff, D., and G. A. Frazier. 1978. “Treatment of hourglass patterns in low order finite element codes.” Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods Geomech. 2 (1): 57–72. https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.1610020105.
Malvar, L. J., J. E. Crawford, J. W. Wesevich, and D. Simons. 1997. “A plasticity concrete material model for DYNA3D.” Int. J. Impact Eng. 19 (9–10): 847–873. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0734-743X(97)00023-7.
Moustafa, A., and M. A. ElGawady. 2018. “Shaking table testing of segmental hollow-core FRP-concrete-steel bridge columns.” J. Bridge Eng. 23 (5): 04018020. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0001238.
Ozbakkaloglu, T., and B. L. Fanggi. 2014. “Axial compressive behavior of FRP-concrete-steel double-skin tubular columns made of normal- and high-strength concrete.” J. Compos. Constr. 18 (1): 04013027. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000401.
Ozbakkaloglu, T., and Y. Idris. 2014. “Seismic behavior of FRP-high-strength concrete–steel double-skin tubular columns.” J. Struct. Eng. 140 (6): 04014019. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000981.
Pavlovčič, L., B. Froschmeier, U. Kuhlmann, and D. Beg. 2012. “Finite element simulation of slender thin-walled box columns by implementing real initial conditions.” Adv. Eng. Software 44 (1): 63–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advengsoft.2011.05.036.
Ryu, D., A. C. Wijeyewickrema, M. A. ElGawady, and M. A. K. M. Madurapperuma. 2014. “Effects of tendon spacing on in-plane behavior of posttensioned masonry walls.” J. Struct. Eng. 140 (4): 04013096. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0000849.
Shakir-Khalil, H., and S. Illouli. 1989. “Composite columns of concentric steel tubes.” In Proc., Conf. on the Design and Construction of Non-Conventional Structures. Edinburgh, Scotland: Civil-Comp.
Sussman, T., and K. J. Bathe. 1987. “A finite element formulation for nonlinear incompressible elastic and inelastic analysis.” Comput. Struct. 26 (1–2): 357–409. https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-7949(87)90265-3.
Teng, J. G., and L. Lam. 2004. “Behavior and modeling of fiber reinforced polymer-confined concrete.” J. Struct. Eng. 130 (11): 1713–1723. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2004)130:11(1713).
Uy, B. 1998. “Local and post-local buckling of concrete filled steel welded box columns.” J. Constr. Steel Res. 47 (1–2): 47–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0143-974X(98)80102-8.
Uy, B. 2001. “Local and postlocal buckling of fabricated steel and composite cross sections.” J. Struct. Eng. 127 (6): 666–677. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2001)127:6(666).
Uy, B., and M. A. Bradford. 1996. “Elastic local buckling of steel plates in composite steel-concrete members.” Eng. Struct. 18 (3): 193–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-0296(95)00143-3.
Von Karman, T. I., E. E. Sechler, and L. H. Donnell. 1932. “The strength of thin plates in compression.” Trans. ASME 54 (2): 53–57.
Winter, G. 1947. “Strength of thin steel compression flanges.” Trans. ASCE 112 (1): 527–554.
Winter, G. 1970. Commentary on the 1968 edition of the specification for the design of cold-formed steel structural members. Washington, DC: American Iron and Steel Institute.
Wright, H. D. 1995. “Local stability of filled and encased steel sections.” J. Struct. Eng. 121 (10): 1382–1388. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1995)121:10(1382).
Yagishita, F., H. Kitoh, M. Sugimoto, T. Tanihira, and K. Sonoda. 2000. “Double skin composite tubular columns subjected to cyclic horizontal force and constant axial force.” In Proc., 6th Int. Conf. on Steel-Concrete Composite Structures, 497–504. Los Angeles: Univ. of Southern California.
Youssf, O., M. A. ElGawady, J. E. Mills, and X. Ma. 2014. “Finite element modelling and dilation of FRP-confined concrete columns.” Eng. Struct. 79: 70–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.07.045.
Zhang, B., J. G. Teng, and T. Yu. 2012. “Behaviour of hybrid double-skin tubular columns subjected to combined axial compression and cyclic lateral loading.” In Proc., 6th Int. Conf. on FRP Composites in Civil Engineering. Kingston, ON, Canada: International Institute for FRP in Construction.
Ziemian, R. D. 2010. Guide to stability design criteria for metal structures. 6th ed. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2019 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Aug 8, 2018
Accepted: Dec 20, 2018
Published online: May 21, 2019
Published in print: Aug 1, 2019
Discussion open until: Oct 21, 2019
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.