TECHNICAL PAPERS
Jun 1, 2005

Long-Term Performance Monitoring of the Tech 21 All-Composite Bridge

Publication: Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 9, Issue 3

Abstract

Tech 21 is the third all-composite vehicular bridge installed in the United States. The deck has sandwich configuration with a center core made by bonding orthotropic fiberglass and polyester tubes. The three trapezoidal beams supporting the deck were fabricated using E-glass fibers with polyester resin. Each beam was fabricated as an integral unit with its deck section to facilitate transportation to the site, erection, and construction. The two-lane bridge is the first fully instrumented all-composite vehicular bridge, including an extensive health-monitoring system installed during its fabrication. A nearly four-year long continuous monitoring was carried out to demonstrate the performance of the bridge. Field monitored information was studied to evaluate the behavior and durability of composites in the harsh infrastructure environment. This evaluation determines the level of confidence in the long-term field benefits of composite materials and technology.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

Acknowledgments

The construction of the all-composite Tech 21 bridge is the result of an interdisciplinary collaboration between Martin Marietta Materials, Butler County Engineer’s Office, LJB Engineers and Architects, Inc., and the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory’s Materials Directorate. The continuous health monitoring was made possible by the vision, initiative, support, and persistence of the former Butler County Engineer, Mr. Dean C. Foster. Dr. Manoochehr Zoghi of the University of Dayton also helped enable the collection of the raw data. Their support and professional confidence are gratefully acknowledged.

References

Abrahamson, T. E. (1998). “Tech21 fiberglass composite bridge.” Structural Analysis Rep., Preliminary Draft, Lockheed Martin Missiles and Space Co./SC Solutions, January 16.
Aktan, A. E., Helmicki, A. J., and Hunt, V. J. (1998). “Issues in health monitoring for intelligent infrastructure.” Smart Mater. Struct., 7, 674–692.
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO). (1996). Standard specifications for highway bridges, 16th Ed., Washington, D.C.
Aref, A. J., and Alampalli, S. (2001). “Vibration characteristics of a fiber-reinforced polymer bridge superstructure.” Compos. Struct., 52(3–4), 467–474.
Burgueñol, R., Karbhari, V. M., Seible, F., and Kolozs, R. T. (2001). “Experimental dynamic characterization of an FRP composite bridge superstructure assembly.” Compos. Struct., 54(4), 427–444.
Center for Infrastructure Engineering Studies (CIES). (2001). “Composites in construction: A reality.” Workshop, Univ. of Missouri-Rolla (UMR), and Univ. of Naples Federico II, Capri, Italy, July.
Chajes, M. J., and Shenton, H. W. (1999). “Long-term health monitoring of an advanced polymer composite bridge.” Proc., SPIE 3671, 6th Annual Int. Symp. on Smart Structures and Materials: Smart Systems for Bridges, Structures, and Highways, Newport Beach, Calif.
Chajes, M. J., Shenton, H. W., Gillespie, J. W., and Mertz, D. R. (1997a). “Load testing and long-term monitoring of advanced composite bridges.” Proc., Structural Faults and Repair ’97, Edinburgh, Scotland.
Chajes, M. J., Shenton, H. W., Mertz, D. R., and Gillespie, J. W. (1997b). “Structural monitoring of an advanced composite bridge.” Proc., U.S.–Canada–Europe Workshop on Bridge Engineering, Zurich, Switzerland.
Dumlao, C. (1996). Preliminary drawings for Butler County Bridge, five dated 10/9/96, two undated.
Farhey, D. N., Zoghi, M., Foster, D. C., and Stoll, F. (2001). “Performance of an all-composite material bridge.” Proc., 2nd Int. Conf. on Engineering Materials, San Jose, Calif., August 16–20.
Foster, D. C. (1998). “Fabrication, installation, and health monitoring of the Tech-21 composite material highway bridge, Butler County, Ohio.” Final Rep., November.
Foster, D. C., Farhey, D. N., Zoghi, M., and Stoll, F. (1999a). “Long-term monitoring of a composite bridge.” Proc., 14th Technical Conf., American Society for Composites, Dayton, Ohio, Technomic, Lancaster, September 27–29, 3–11.
Foster, D. C., Farhey, D. N., Zoghi, M., and Stoll, F. (1999b). “Performance assessment of a composite bridge.” Proc., 6th Int. Conf. on Composites Engineering, Kissimmee, Fla., June–July.
Foster, D. C., Goble, G. C., Schultz, J. L., Commander, B. C., and Thompson, D. L. (1998). “Structural testing of a composite material highway bridge.” Proc., Int. Composites Expo, Nashville, Tenn., The Composites Institute of the Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc., January 19–21, Paper 4-C.
Foster, D. C., Richards, D., and Bogner, B. R. (2000). “Design and installation of fiber-reinforced polymer composite bridge.” J. Compos. Constr., 4(1), 33–37.
Gillespie, J. W., et al. (2000). “Bridge I-351 over Muddy Run: Design, testing and erection of an all-composite bridge.” Proc., 5th Int. Bridge Engineering Conf., Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
Henderson, M., ed. (2000). “Evaluation of Salem Avenue bridge deck replacement: Issues regarding the composite materials systems used.” Final Rep., Ohio Department of Transportation, Dayton, Ohio, Dec.
Hooks, J., et al. (1997). “FHWA study tour for advanced composites in bridges in Europe and Japan.” Rep., Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C.
Mosallam, A. S., and Bank, L. C. (1991). “Creep and recovery of a pultruded FRP frame.” Advanced Composite Materials in Civil Engineering Structures, S. L. Iyer and R. Sen, eds., American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, Va.
Mosallam, A., Kreiner, J., Haroun, M., Dumlao, C., and Abdi, F. (2002). “Structural evaluation of all-composite deck for Schuyler Heim Bridge.” Proc., SAMPE 2002, Affordable Materials Technology–Platform to Global Value and Performance, Long Beach, Calif.
National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP). (2003). “Application of fiber reinforced polymer composites to the highway infrastructure.” Rep. 503, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
Ratcliffe, C. P., Gillespie, J. W., Jr., Heider, D., Eckel, D. A., II, and Crane, R. M. (2000). “Experimental investigation into the use of vibration data for the quality control and long-term monitoring of an all-composite bridge.” Proc., SPIE 3995, 5th Annual Int. Symp. on Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring of Aging Infrastructure, Newport Beach, Calif.
Richards, D., Dumlao, C., Henderson, M., and Foster, D. (1998). “Methods of installation and the structural analysis of two short span composite highway bridges.” Proc., Int. Composites Expo, Nashville, Tenn., The Composites Institute of the Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc., January 19–21, Paper 4-E.
Richards, D., Solomon, G., Jack, R., Thomson, D., and Dumlao, C. (1999). “Review of field data on the all-composite highway bridge, TECH 21.” Proc., Int. Composites Expo, Cincinnati, The Composites Institute, May 10–12, Paper 25-B.
Rodriguez, J. G., Carlson, N. M., Torres, L. L., Blackwood, L. G., and Yoder, T. S. (1999). “INEEL tests on composite bridge—Final report.” Rep. No. INEEL/EXT-99-00145, Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho, July.
Scott, D., and Zureick, A. (1998). “Creep behavior of pultruded materials.” J. of Composite Science and Technology, 58(8), 1361–1369.
Stoll, F., Farhey, D. N., Zoghi, M., Foster, D. C., and Schultz, J. L. (2000). “Structural health of the Tech-21 composite bridge.” Proc., 7th Int. Conf. on Composite Engineering, Denver, July 2–8.
Stoll, F., Farhey, D. N., Zoghi, M., and Bowman, D. R. (2002). “Fiber-reinforced polymer construction and instrumentation of the Tech 21 composite bridge.” Rep. No. UDRI-TR-2001-00081, Ohio Dept. of Transportation, February, Univ. of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio.
Thomson, D. (1999). “A composite bridge health monitoring system.” Rep. No. AFW-5010-FM-97189-1254, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Foster-Miller, Inc., Waltham, Mass., June.
Watkins, S. E., Unser, J. F., Nanni, A., Chandrashekhara, K., and Belarbi, A. (2001). “Instrumentation and manufacture of a smart composite bridge for short-span applications.” Proc., SPIE 4330, 8th Annual Int. Symp. on Smart Structures and Materials: Smart Systems for Bridges, Structures, and Highways, Newport Beach, Calif.
Zoghi, M., Farhey, D. N., and Foster, D. C. (2002). “Long-term performance assessment of a composite bridge.” Transportation Research Record, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Composites for Construction
Journal of Composites for Construction
Volume 9Issue 3June 2005
Pages: 255 - 262

History

Received: May 10, 2004
Accepted: Sep 16, 2004
Published online: Jun 1, 2005
Published in print: Jun 2005

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Daniel N. Farhey
Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, Univ. of Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469-0243.

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share