Energy Dissipation in Surface Layer due to Vertically Propagating SH Wave
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 128, Issue 4
Abstract
Vertical array data recorded during the 1995 Kobe earthquake are used to calculate the upward and downward energy flow based on one-dimensional SH-wave multireflection theory, from which the energy dissipation in a surface layer is evaluated as their residual. The dissipated energy thus evaluated in a liquefied site is found to reach about 70% of the upward input energy, which indicates that soil nonlinearity and liquefaction serve as effective energy absorbers. In contrast, more energy returns to deeper ground in sites without strong nonlinear behavior. Furthermore, the dissipated energy in the surface layer tends to increase nonlinearly in a convex shape with increasing equivalent damping ratio of the soil there. A simplified two-layer system indicates that the energy dissipation is influenced not only by the soil damping in the surface layer but also by the impedance ratio between the base and surface layers and the input frequency. The same convex relationship is also obtained in the two-layer system, indicating that the simplified system may reflect some important aspects of the energy dissipation mechanisms in the ground.
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Information
Published In
Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
Volume 128 • Issue 4 • April 2002
Pages: 309 - 318
Copyright
Copyright © 2002 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Mar 3, 2000
Accepted: Sep 20, 2001
Published online: Apr 1, 2002
Published in print: Apr 2002
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