Relationship between AE Energy and Fracture Energy of Plain Concrete Beams: Experimental Study
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 20, Issue 3
Abstract
In this experimental study an acoustic emission (AE) technique was used on geometrically similar notched plain concrete three-point bend specimens of different sizes. This study aims to measure the acoustic emission energy released during fracture process of plain concrete beams and to investigate the relation between acoustic emission energy to fracture energy of plain concrete beams of different sizes. The technique of acoustic emission uses one or more sensors to listen to a wide range of events that may take place inside a solid material. A series of concrete specimens of different sizes was tested for fracture energy. Acoustic emission energy release was monitored while testing concrete specimens for fracture energy. A correlation between fracture energy and acoustic emission energy was observed. Fracture energy was calculated from work of fracture. Size effect on the strength of concrete beams was observed. An equation has been proposed to obtain fracture energy by knowing acoustic emission energy.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The writers acknowledge the assistance received from Mr. Narayanappa.
References
Bazant, Z. P. (1984). “Size effect in blunt fracture: Concrete, rock and metal.” J. Eng. Mech., 110(4), 518–535.
Bazant, Z. P. (1998). Fracture and size effect in concrete and other quasi brittle materials, CRC, Boca Raton, Fla.
Bazant, Z. P., and Kazemi, M. T. (1990). “Determination of fracture energy, process zone length and brittleness number from size effect with application to rock and concrete.” Int. J. Fract., 51, 121–138.
Chen, B., and Liu, J. (2004). “Experimental study on AE characteristics of three-point-bending concrete beams.” Cem. Concr. Res., 34, 391–397.
Colombo, S., Main, I. G., and Forde, M. C. (2003). “Assessing damage of reinforced concrete beam using ‘ -value’ analysis of acoustic emission signals.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng., 15(3), 280–286.
Harris, D. O., and Bell, R. L. (1977). “The measurement and significance of energy in acoustic emission testing.” Exp. Mech., 17, 347–353.
Hillerborg, A., Modeer, M., and Peterson, P. E. (1976). “Analysis of crack formation and crack growth in concrete by means of fracture mechanics and finite elements.” Cem. Concr. Res., 6(6), 773–782.
Izumi, M., Mihashi, H., and Nomura, N. (1986). “Acoustic emission technique to evaluate fracture mechanics parameters of concrete.” Fracture toughness and fracture energy of concrete, F. H. Wittmann, ed., Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 259–268.
Karihaloo, B. L. (1995). Fracture mechanics and structural concrete, Longman Scientific & Technical, New York.
Landis, E. N., and Lucie, B. (2002). “Experiments to relate acoustic emission energy to fracture energy of concrete.” J. Eng. Mech., 128(6), 698–702.
Li, Z., and Shah, S. P. (1994). “Localization of microcracking in concrete under uniaxial tension.” ACI Mater. J., 91, 372–381.
Lysak, M. V. (1996). “Development of the theory of acoustic emission by propagating cracks in terms of fracture mechanics.” Eng. Fract. Mech., 55(3), 443–452.
Maji, A. K., Ouyang, C., and Shah, S. P. (1990). “Fracture mechanism of quasi-brittle materials based on acoustic emission.” J. Mater. Res., 5(1), 206–217.
Maji, A. K., and Shah, S. P. (1988). “Process zone and acoustic emission measurement in concrete.” Exp. Mech., 27–33.
Matsuyama, K., Fujiwara, T., Ishibashi, A., and Ohtsu, M. (1993). “Filed application of acoustic emission for diagnosis of structural deterioration of concrete.” J. Acoust. Emiss., 11(4), S65–S73.
Mihashi, H., Nomura, N., and Niseki, S. (1991). “Influence of aggregate size on fracture process zone of concrete detected with three dimensional acoustic emission technique.” Cem. Concr. Res., 21(4), 737–744.
Miller, R. K., and McIntire, P. (1987). Nondestructive testing handbook, Vol. 5, Acoustic Emission Testing, American Society For Nondestructive Testing Inc.
Mindess, S. (1990). “Acoustic emission.” Handbook on nondestructive testing of concrete, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla.
Nomura, M. H., and Izumu, M. (1991). “Correlation of fracture process zone and tension softening behaviour in concrete.” Cem. Concr. Res., 21(4), 545–550.
Ohtsu, M. (1989). “A review of acoustic emission in civil engineering with emphasis on concrete.” J. Acoust. Emiss., 8(4), 93–98.
Ohtsu, M. (1996). “The history and development of acoustic emission in concrete engineering.” Mag. Concrete Res., 48(177), 321–330.
Ohtsu, M., and Watanabe, H. (2001). “Quantitative damage estimation of concrete by acoustic emission of concrete by acoustic emission.” Constr. Build. Mater., 15, 217–224.
Otsuka, K., and Date, H. (2000). “Fracture process zone in concrete tension specimen.” Eng. Fract. Mech., 65, 111–131.
Physical Acoustics Corporation (PAC). (2005). PAC user’s manual SAMOS AE system, Princeton Junction, N.J.
Réunion Internationale des Laboratoires d’Essais et de Recherches sur les Matériaux et les Constructions (RILEM) Committee 50-FMC. (1985). “Determination of the fracture energy of mortar and concrete by means of three-point bend tests on notched beams.” Mater. Struct., 18(106), 285–290.
Réunion Internationale des Laboratoires d’Essais et de Recherches sur les Matériaux et les Constructions (RILEM) draft recommendations. (1991). “TC-89 FMT fracture mechanics of concrete—Test methods.” Mater. Struct., 23, 461–465.
Rossi, P., Robert, J. L., Gervais, J. P., and Bruhat, D. (1990). “The use of acoustic emission in fracture mechanics applied to concrete.” Eng. Fract. Mech., 35(4/5), 751–763.
Shah, S. P., Swartz, S. E., and Ouyang, C. (1995). Fracture mechanics of concrete: Applications of fracture mechanics to concrete, rock and other quasi-brittle materials, Wiley, New York.
Shiotin, T., Shigeishi, M., and Masayasu, O. (1999). “Acoustic emission characteristics of concrete piles.” Constr. Build. Mater., 13(1/2), 73–85.
Uomoto, T. (1987). “Application of acoustic emission to the field of concrete engineering.” J. Acoust. Emiss., 6(3), 137–144.
Van Mier, J. G. M. (1997). Fracture process of concrete. Assessment of material parameters for fracture models, CRC, Boca Raton, Fla.
Yuyama, S., Okamoto, T., and Nagataki, S. (1994). “Acoustic emission evaluation of structural integrity in repaired reinforced concrete beams.” Mater. Eval., 52(1), 86–90.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2008 ASCE.
History
Received: Jul 17, 2006
Accepted: Jul 13, 2007
Published online: Mar 1, 2008
Published in print: Mar 2008
Notes
Note. Associate Editor: John S. Popovics
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.