Rubber Concentrations on Rheology of Aged Asphalt Binders
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 20, Issue 3
Abstract
Three different concentrations of crumb rubber were mixed with two different asphalts by means of a wet process to investigate the effect of rubber particles on the fundamental internal structure of asphalt binders with respect to their long-term aging performance. The rheological properties of unaged and aged unmodified and rubber-modified asphalt binders were studied as a function of long-term oxidative aging. Master curves were constructed by shifting the aging time-frequency data to assist in the interpretation. A generalized power-law model used in neat asphalt based on the time–temperature superposition principle was applied to construct the master curves of the rheological parameters. Based on a limited study, the results indicate that the amount of rubber particles added into the asphalt binder is asphalt dependent. The results also show that the stiffness effect of crumb rubber to one less-compatible asphalt is higher than the other highly compatible asphalt. Addition of crumb rubber to both asphalts reduced viscosity buildup with aging. In addition, rubber modification dramatically increased the elasticity of both asphalts. It is possible that rubber modification will improve rutting resistance because of the increased viscosity and elasticity at high temperatures and will improve fatigue resistance by either decreasing viscosity or lowering viscosity buildup with aging at low temperatures.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The writer gratefully acknowledge the Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, for financial support of this project under Contract No. DTFH61-99C-00022. Thanks are expressed to Dr. Raymond E. Robertson and Dr. J. Claine Petersen for helpful discussions. Thanks are also expressed to Mr. Stephen Salmans, Mr. James Beiswenger, and Ms. Janet Wolf for sample preparation and data measurement, and to Ms. Jackie Greaser for preparation of the manuscript. This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The United States Government assumes no liability for its contents or use thereof. The contents of this report reflect the views of the Western Research Institute, which is responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official views of the policy of the United States Department of Transportation. Mention of specific brand names of equipment does not imply endorsement by the United States Department of Transportation or the Western Research Institute.
References
Airey, G. D., and Brown, S. F. (1998). “Rheological performance of aged polymer modified bitumens.” Asph. Paving Technol., 67, 66–100.
Airey, G. D., Rahimzadeh, B., and Collop, A. C. (2002). “Linear viscoelastic limits of bituminous binders.” Asph. Paving Technol., 71, 100–199.
Billiter, T. C., Davison, R. R., Glover, C. J., and Bullin, J. A. (1997). “Physical properties of asphalt rubber binder.” Pet. Sci. Technol., 15(3-4), 205–236.
Branthaver, J. F., et al. (1994). Binder characterization and evaluation, Vol. 2, Strategic Highway Research Program, National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
Brown, D. R., Jared, D., Jones, C., and Watson, D. (1997). “Georgia’s experience with crumb rubber in hot-mix asphalt.” Transportation Research Record. 1583, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 45–51.
Charania, E., Cano, J. O., and Schnormeier, R. H. (1991). “Twenty-year study of asphalt rubber pavements in Phoenix, Arizona.” Transportation Research Record. 1307, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 29–38.
Christensen, D. W., Jr., and Anderson, D. A. (1992). “Interpretation of dynamic mechanical test data for paving grade asphalt cements.” Asph. Paving Technol., 61, 67–116.
Ferry, J. D. (1980). Viscoelastic properties of polymers, 3rd Ed., Wiley, New York.
Marasteanu, M., and Anderson, D. (1999). “Improved model for bitumen rheological characterization.” Proc., Eurobitume Workshop on Performance Related Properties for Bituminous Binders, Paper No. 133, Luxembourg.
Maupin, G. W., Jr. (1996). “Hot-mix asphalt rubber applications in Virginia.” Transportation Research Record. 1530, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 18–24.
McGennis, R. B. (1995). “Evaluation of physical properties of fine crumb rubber-modified asphalt binders.” Transportation Research Record. 1488, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 62–71.
Raad, L., and Saboundjian, S. (1998). “Fatigue behavior of rubber-modified pavements.” Transportation Research Record. 1639, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 73–82.
Reese, R. E., and Goodrich, J. L. (1993). “California desert test road—A step closer to performance-based specifications.” Asph. Paving Technol., 62, 247–313.
Soleymani, H. R., Zhai, H., and Bahia, H. (2004). “Role of modified binders in rheology and damage resistance behavior of asphalt mixtures.” Proc., 83rd Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., Paper No. 04-3974.
Stroup-Gardiner, M., Chadbourn, B. C., and Newcomb, D. E. (1996). “Babbitt, Minnesota: Case study of pretreated crumb rubber modified asphalt concrete. Transportation Research Record. 1530, Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 34–42.
Traxler, R. N. (1961). Asphalt, Chap. 5, Reinhold, New York.
Western Research Institute. (2001). “Fundamental properties of asphalts and modified asphalts.” FHWA-RD-99-212, U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, McLean, Va.
Zeng, M., Bahia, H., Zhai, H., and Turner, P. (2001). “Rheological modeling of modified asphalt binders and mixtures.” Asph. Paving Technol., 70, 403–441.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 20 • Issue 3 • March 2008
Pages: 221 - 229
Copyright
© 2008 ASCE.
History
Received: Sep 22, 2006
Accepted: May 17, 2007
Published online: Mar 1, 2008
Published in print: Mar 2008
Notes
Note. Associate Editor: Carl Liu
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.