Deep Water Swell and Spectral Wave Decay in Opposing Winds
Publication: Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 114, Issue 6
Abstract
The results of the writers' opposing wind laboratory experiments are developed for use in practical wave prediction problems. Relationships are presented for the decay of swell in opposing wind situations. An opposing wind source term for the radiative transfer equation is also developed which should enhance predictions in rapidly turning winds. The results indicate that steep high frequency wave components of the spectrum decay rapidly, leaving a narrow‐banded spectral representation. The results are in good agreement with the limited field data available.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Allender, J. H., et al. (1985). Ocean wave modelling, Plenum Press.
2.
Bouws, E., et al. (1985). “Similarity of the wind wave spectrum in finite depth water, 1, Spectral form,” J. Geoph. Res., (C1), 975–986.
3.
Bretschneider, C. L. (1952). “The generation and decay of wind waves in deep water.” Trans. Am. Geoph. Union, 33(3), 381–389.
4.
Davenport, A. G. (1963). “The relationship of wind structure to wind loading.” Proc. Conf. on Building and Structures, Natl. Physical Lab., Great Britain, 54–83.
5.
Gelci, R., Cazalé, J., and Vassal, J. (1956). “Utilisation des diagrammes de propagation à la provision energitique de la houle.” Bulletin d'Information du Comité Central d'ceanographie et d'Etudes des Côtes, 8, 169–187 (in French).
6.
Hasselmann, K. (1960). “Grundgleickungen der seegangsvorhersage.” Schiffstechnik, 7, 191–195 (in German).
7.
Hasselmann, K. (1974). “On the spectral dissipation of ocean waves due to white capping.” Boundary‐Layer Meteorology, 6, 107–127.
8.
Hasselmann, K., et al. (1973). “Measurements of wind‐wave growth and swell decay during the Joint North Sea Wave Project (JONSWAP).” Deutsche Hydrogr. Z. A(8°), 12.
9.
Hasselmann, K., and Collins, J. I. (1968). “Spectral dissipation of finite‐depth gravity waves due to turbulent bottom friction,” J. Marine Res., 26, 1–12.
10.
Hasselmann, S., and Hasselmann, K. (1981). “A symmetrical method of computing the nonlinear transfer in a gravity wave spectrum.” Hamburger Geophysikalische Einzelschriften, Heft 52 (in German).
11.
Hasselmann, S., and Hasselmann, K. (1985). “Computations and parameterizations of the nonlinear energy transfer in a gravity wave spectrum. Part 1: A new method for efficient computations of the exact nonlinear transfer integral.” J. Phy. Ocean, 15, 1369–1377.
12.
Hasselmann, S., et al. (1985). “Computations of the nonlinear energy transfer in a gravity wave spectrum. Part II: Parameterizations of the nonlinear energy transfer for application in wave models.” J. Phy. Ocean., 15, 1378–1391.
13.
Huang, N. E., et al. (1981). “A unified two‐parameter wave spectral model for a general sea state.” J. Fluid Mech., 112, 203–224.
14.
Komen, G. J., Hasselmann, S., and Hasselmann, K. (1984). “On the existence of a fully developed wind‐sea spectrum.” J. Phy. Ocean., 14, 1271–1285.
15.
Lamb, H. (1932). Hydrodynamics, Cambridge Univ. Press.
16.
Miles, J. W. (1957). “On the generation of surface waves by shear flows, Part 1.” J. Fluid Mech., 3, 185–204.
17.
Mitsuyasu, H., et al. (1975). “Observations of the directional spectrum of ocean waves using a clover leaf buoy.” J. Phys. Oceanogr. 5, 750–760.
18.
Phillips, O. M. (1977). “The dynamics of the upper ocean.” 2nd Ed., Cambridge Univ. Press.
19.
Pierson, W. J., and Moskowitz, L. (1964). “A proposed spectral form for fully developed wind seas based on the similarity theory of S. A. Kitaigorodskii.” J. Geophys. Res., 69, 5181–5190.
20.
Snodgrass, F. E., et al. (1966). “Propagation of ocean swell across the Pacific.” Phil. Trans. Royal Society, A, 259, London, U.K., 431–497.
21.
Snyder, R. L., et al. (1981). “Array measurements of atmospheric pressure fluctuations above surface gravity waves.” J. Fluid Mech., 102, 1–59.
22.
Sobey, R. J. (1986). “Wind‐wave prediction.” Ann. Rev. Fluid Mech., 18, 149–172.
23.
Shore protection manual. (1977). U.S. Army Coastal Engrg. Res. Center.
24.
Tsuruya, H., Yanagishima, S., and Matsunobu, Y. (1985). “Decay of mechanically generated waves in an opposing wind.” Report, Port and Harbour Res. Inst., of Japan, 24(3), 31–71.
25.
Young, I. R., and Sobey, R. J. (1985). “Measurements of wind‐wave energy flux in an opposing wind.” J. Fluid Mech., 151, 427–442.
26.
Young, I. R., Hasselmann, S., and Hasselmann, K. (1985). “Calculations of the nonlinear interactions in cross seas.” Hamburger Geophysikalishe Einzelschriften (in German).
27.
Young, I. R., Hasselmann, S., and Hasselmann, K. (1987). “Computations of the response of a wave spectrum to a sudden change in the wind direction.” J. Physical Oceanography, 17(9), 1317–1338.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal, and Ocean Engineering
Volume 114 • Issue 6 • November 1988
Pages: 732 - 744
Copyright
Copyright © 1988 ASCE.
History
Published online: Nov 1, 1988
Published in print: Nov 1988
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.