TECHNICAL PAPERS
Aug 1, 1990

Restrictions in Geodetic Networks

Publication: Journal of Surveying Engineering
Volume 116, Issue 3

Abstract

The mathematical model of the adjustment of a geodetic network is generally supplemented by restrictions concerning the unknown parameters. This can occur with datum problems or by constraints resulting from the formulation of the problem. A method is presented that, at a large number of restrictions, works more economically than the commonly used way of adding the restrictions to the normal equations. This is demonstrated by an example from engineering surveying. Thus, the required CPU time and size of memory for making up and inverting the matrix of normal equations is reduced

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References

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Caspary, W. (1978). “Zur Lösung singulärer Ausgleichungsmodelle durch Bedingungsgleichungen.” Allgemeine Vermessungsnachrichten (AVN) Karlsruhe, West Germany, 2.
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Gruen, A. (1974). “Eine allgemeine und rationelle Lösung für die vermittelnde Ausgleichung mit Bedingungen.” Zetischrift für Vermessungswesen (ZFV) Stuttgart, West Germany, 5.
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Koch K.‐R. (1988). Parameter estimation and hypothesis testing in linear models. Springer Verlag, New York, N.Y., 62–64.
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Leick, A. (1990). GPS satellite surveying. John Wiley and Sons, New York, N.Y.
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Meissl, P. (1969). “Zusammenfassung und Ausbau der inneren Fehlertheorie eines Punkthaufens.” Deutsche Geodätische Kommission (DGK) München, West Germany, Reihe A, Nr. 61/1969, 8–21.
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Pope, A. J. (1971). “Transformation of covariance matrices due to changes in minimal control.” Paper presented at the American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting, San Francisco. Available from NOAA, NGS, Geodetic Information Service, Rockville, Md.

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Go to Journal of Surveying Engineering
Journal of Surveying Engineering
Volume 116Issue 3August 1990
Pages: 149 - 154

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Published online: Aug 1, 1990
Published in print: Aug 1990

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Authors

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A. Grimm‐Pitzinger
Engrg. Technician, Institut für Geodäsie, Universität Innsbruck Technikerstr. 13, A‐6020 Innsbruck, Austria
K. Hanke
Univ. Asst., Institut für Geodäsie, Universität Innsbruck Technikerstr. 13, A‐6020 Innsbruck, Austria

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