Concrete-Filled Hollow Structural Steel Columns after Exposure to ISO-834 Fire Standard
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 129, Issue 1
Abstract
The use of hollow structural steel (HSS) columns filled with concrete has become widespread in the past few decades. The residual strength of a composite column may be used to assess the potential damage caused by fire and help to establish an approach to calculate the structural fire protection for minimum postfire repair. The behavior of 12 concrete-filled HSS columns with or without fire protection after exposure to the ISO-834 fire standard subjected to axial or eccentric loads has been experimentally investigated and the results presented in this paper. Comparisons are made with predicted column strengths using the existing codes such as LRFD-AISC-1994, AIJ-1997, EC4-1996, DL5085/T-1999, and GJB4142-2000. A mechanics model is developed in this paper for concrete-filled HSS columns after exposure to the ISO-834 fire standard, and is a development of the analysis used for ambient condition. The predicted load versus mid-span deflection relationship for the composite columns is in good agreement with test results. Based on the theoretical model, influence of the changing strength of the materials, fire duration time, sectional dimensions, steel ratio, load eccentricity ratio and slenderness ratio on the residual strength index (RSI) is discussed. It was found that, in general, the slenderness ratio, sectional dimensions and the fire duration time have a significant influence on the RSI. However, the steel ratio, the load eccentricity ratio and the strength of the materials have a moderate influence on RSI. Finally, formulas suitable for incorporation into building code, for the calculation of the residual strength of the concrete-filled HSS columns after exposure to ISO-834 fire standard are developed based on the parametric analysis results.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC). (1994). “Load and resistance factor design (LRFD) specification for structural steel buildings.” Chicago.
Architectural Institute of Japan (AIJ). (1997). “Recommendations for design and construction of concrete filled steel tubular structures.” Japan.
ASCCS. (1997). “Concrete filled steel tubes—a comparison of international codes and practices.” Association for International Cooperation and Research in Steel-Concrete Composite Structures (ASCCS) Seminar Rep., Innsbruck, Austria.
British Steel Tubes and Pipes. (1990). “Design for SHS fire resistance to BS5950: Part 8.” London.
CECS24:20. (1990). Design regulation for the fire protection of steel structures, Chinese Planning Press, Peking, China (in Chinese).
DL/T. (1999). “Chinese design code for steel-concrete composite structures.” DL/T 5085-1999, Chinese Electricity Press, Peking, China (in Chinese).
EC4. (1996). “Design of steel and concrete structures, Part 1.1, general rules and rules doe building.” Eurocode 4 DD ENV 1994-1-1:1996, British Standards Institution, London.
Falke, J. (1992). “Comparison of simple calculation methods for the fire design of composite columns and beams.” Proc., Engineering Foundation Conf. on Steel–Concrete Composite Structure, ASCE, New York, 226–241.
GB. (1982). “Test standard for steel material.” GB 2975, Chinese Planning Press, Peking, China (in Chinese).
GBJ. (1985). “Test standard for concrete material.” GBJ81-85 Chinese Planning Press, Peking, China (in Chinese).
GJB. (2001). “Technical specifications for early-strength model composite structures.” GJB4142-2000, Peking, China (in Chinese).
Han, L. H. (2000). Concrete filled steel tubular structures, Science Press, Peking, China (in Chinese).
Han, L. H.(2001). “Fire performance of concrete filled steel tubular beam-columns.” J. Constr. Steel Res., 57(6), 697–711.
Han, Q. F., Lie, T. T., and Wu, H. J. (1993). “Column fire resistance test facility at the Tianjin Fire Research Institute.” NRC-CNRC Internal Rep., No. 648, Ottawa.
Han, L. H., Yang, H., and Cheng, S. L.(2002). “Residual strength of concrete filled RHS stub columns after exposure to high temperatures.” Adv. Struct. Eng., 5(2), 123–134.
Han, L. H., Zhao, X. L., and Tao, Z.(2001). “Tests and mechanics model of concrete-filled SHS stub columns, columns and beam-columns.” Steel Composite Structures—An International Journal,1(1), 51–74.
Hass, R. (1991). “On realistic testing of the fire protection technology of steel and cement supports.” Translation of BHPR/NL/T/1444, Melbourne, Australia.
ISO. (1975). “Fire resistance tests-elements of building construction.” International Standard ISO 834, Geneva.
Kim, D. K., Choi, S. M., and Chung, K. S. (2000). “Structural characteristics of CFT columns subjected fire loading and axial force.” Proc., 6th Association for International Cooperation and Research in Steel-Concrete Composite Structures (ASCCS) Conf., Los Angeles, 271–278.
Klingsch, W. (1985). “New developments in fire resistance of hollow section structures.” Proc., Symposium on Hollow Structural Sections in Building Construction, ASCE, Chicago.
Kodur, V. K. R.(1999). “Performance-based fire resistance design of concrete-filled steel columns.” J. Constr. Steel Res., 51(1), 21–26.
Kodur, V. K. R., and Sultan, M. A. (2000). “Enhancing the fire resistance of steel columns through composite construction.” Proc., 6th ASCCS Conf., Los Angeles, 271–278.
Li, W., and Guo, Z. H.(1993). “Experimental investigation of strength and deformation of concrete at elevated temperatures.” China J. Building Struct.,14(1), 8–16 (in Chinese).
Lie, T. T., and Caron, S. E. (1988). “Fire resistance of hollow steel columns filled with siliceous aggregate concrete: test results.” NRC-CNRC Internal Rep., No. 570, Ottawa.
Lie, T. T., and Chabot, M. (1988). “Fire resistance of hollow steel columns filled with carbonate aggregate concrete: test results.” NRC-CNRC Internal Rep., No. 573, Ottawa.
Lie, T. T., and Chabot, M. (1992). “Experimental studies on the fire resistance of hollow steel columns filled with plain concrete.” NRC-CNRC Internal Rep., No. 611, Ottawa.
Lie, T. T., and Irwin, R. J. (1990). “Evaluation of fire resistance of reinforced concrete columns with rectangular cross-section.” NRC-CNRC Internal Rep., No. 601, Ottawa.
Lie, T. T., and Stringer, D. C.(1994). “Calculation of the fire resistance of steel hollow structural section columns filled with plain concrete.” Can. J. Civ. Eng., 21(3), 382–385.
Okada, T., Yamaguchi, T., Sakumoto, Y., and Keira, K. (1991). “Load heat tests of full-scale columns of concrete-filled tubular steel structure using fire-resistant steel for buildings.” Proc., 3rd Int. Conf. on Steel–Concrete Composite Structures (I), ASCCS, Fukuoka, Japan, 101–106.
O’Meagher, A. J., Bennetts, I. D., Hutchinson, G. L., and Stevens, L. K. (1991). “Modelling of HSS columns filled with concrete in fire.” Rep. No. BHPR/ENG/R/91/031/PS69, Melbourne, Australia.
Wang, Y. C.(1999). “The effects of structural continuity on the fire resistance of concrete filled columns in non-sway frames.” J. Constr. Steel Res., 50(2), 177–197.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 129 • Issue 1 • January 2003
Pages: 68 - 78
Copyright
Copyright © 2003 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jan 7, 2002
Accepted: Apr 22, 2002
Published online: Dec 13, 2002
Published in print: Jan 2003
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.