TECHNICAL PAPERS
Jun 1, 1994

Welded Wire Fabric for Bridges. II: Fatigue Strength

This article is a reply.
VIEW THE ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 120, Issue 6

Abstract

The purpose of the present paper is to provide experimental data and analytical results for the fatigue strength of welded wire fabric (WWF), so that engineers can confidently use WWF as structural reinforcement. The material for the tested specimens was provided by manufacturers in the United States, Germany, and Canada. The specimens included steel from rods (steel before the cold‐drawing process), plain wires, deformed wires, epoxy‐coated deformed wires, tempered and nontempered WWF, and nontempered wires without welds. The experiments conducted show that the WWF made in the United States can be considered a ductile steel based on the relevant ASTM specifications. In addition, the fatigue life of the epoxy‐coated WWF made in the United States exceeds those for reinforcement bars as tested by the Portland Cement Association. The results indicate that WWF meets the fatigue requirements of structural reinforcement for bridge decks.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

References

1.
Al‐Mutairi, N. (1989). “The structural feasibility of using welded wire fabric in bridge decks,” PhD thesis, University of Maryland, College Park, Md.
2.
Al‐Mutairi, N., Ayyub, B., and Chang, P. (1989). “The feasibility of using welded steel mesh in bridge decks—structural evaluation and testing.” Rep. Dept. of Civ. Engrg., Univ. of Maryland, College Park, Md.
3.
Ayyub, B. M., Chang, P., and Al‐Mutairi, N. M. (1991). “Welded wire fabrics for bridges. I: ultimate strength and ductility.” J. Struct. Engrg., ASCE, 120(6), 1866–1881.
4.
Bernold, L., Chang, P., Ayyub, B. M. (1989). “The feasibility of using welded wire fabric in bridge decks—construction & management assessment.” Rep. Dept. of Civ. Engrg., Univ. of Maryland, College Park, Md.
5.
Burton, K. T., and Hognestad, E. (1967). “Fatigue test of reinforcing bars—tack welding of stirrups.” J. ACI, 64(5), 244–252.
6.
Fisher, J. W., and Viest, I. M. (1961). “Fatigue tests of bridge materials of the AASHTO Road Test.” HRB Spec. Rep. No. 66, Hwy. Res. Board, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 132–147.
7.
Gronqvist, N. O. (1971). “Fatigue strength of reinforcing bars.” ACI Publ. SP‐26, American Concrete Institute (ACI), Detroit, Mich., 1011–1059.
8.
Hanson, J. M., Somes, N. F., and Helgason, T. (1974). “Investigation of design factors affecting fatigue strength of reinforcing bars—test program.” PCA Res. and Development Bull. RD036.01D, Portland Cement Association, Skokie, Ill.
9.
Hawkins, N. M., and Heaton, L. W. (1971). “The fatigue properties of welded wire fabric.” Rep. SM7 1‐3, Dept. of Civ. Engrg., Univ. of Washington, Seattle, Wash., 1–35.
10.
Helgason, T., Hanson, J. M., Somes, N. F., Corley, W. G., and Hognestad, E. (1976). “Fatigue strength of high‐yield reinforcing bars.” Nat. Cooperative Hwy. Res. Program Rep. 164, NCHRP, Washington, D.C.
11.
Ihamb, I. C., and MacGregor, J. G. (1972). “Fatigue of reinforcing bars.” Struct. Engrg. Rep. No. 39, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
12.
Ihamb, J. C., and MacGregor, J. G. (1974). “Effect of surface characteristics on fatigue strength of reinforcing steel.” ACI Publ. SP‐41, American Concrete Institute (ACI), Detroit, Mich., 139–167.
13.
Kokubu, M., and Okamura, H. (1969). “Fatigue behavior of high strength deformed bars in reinforced concrete bridge design.” ACI Publ. SP‐23, American Concrete Institute (ACI), Detroit, Mich., 301–316.
14.
Kravshenko, P. Y. (1964). Fatigue Resistance, Pergamon Press, Elmsford, N.Y.
15.
Lash, S. D. (1969). “Can high‐strength reinforcement be used for highway bridges.” ACI Publ. SP‐23, American Concrete Institute, Detroit, Mich., 283–299.
16.
MacGregor, J. G., Ihamb, I. C., and Nutall, N. (1971). “Fatigue strength of hot‐rolled deformed reinforcing bars.” J. ACI, 68(3), 169–179.
17.
Martin, H., and Schiessl, P. (1982a). “Finite‐life fatigue strength of welded fabric reinforcement.” Betonwerk and Fertigteil‐Tecknik (p), 47(12), 733–738 (in German).
18.
Martin, H., and Schiessl, P. (1982b). “Finite‐life fatigue strength of welded fabric reinforcement.” Betonwerk and Fertigteil‐Tecknik (p), 48(1), 33–38 (in German).
19.
Osgood, C. (1970). Fatigue Design, Wiley‐Interscience, New York, N.Y.
20.
Pfister, J. F., and Hognestad, E. (1964). “High strength bars as concrete reinforcement, part 6, fatigue tests.” J. PCA Res. and Development Lab., 6(1), 65–84.
21.
Rehm, G. (1960). “Contributions to the problem of the fatigue strength of steel bars for concrete reinforcement.” 6th Congr. Preliminary Publ., International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineers, Stockholm, Sweden, 35–46.
22.
Sanders, W. W. Jr., Hoadley, P. G., and Munse, W. H. (1961). “Fatigue behavior of butt‐welded reinforcing bars for concrete.” Welding J., 40(12), 529‐s–535‐s.
23.
“Standard specifications for highway bridges.” (1983). American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), 13th Ed., Washington, D.C.
24.
Steel welded wire fabric, plain, for concrete reinforcement; A185‐90. (1990). ASTM, Philadelphia, Pa.
25.
Steel welded wire fabric, deformed, for concrete reinforcement; A497‐90. (1990). ASTM, Philadelphia, Pa.
26.
Steel wire, plain, for concrete reinforcement; A82‐85. (1985). ASTM, Philadelphia, Pa.
27.
Tetelman, A. S., and McEvily, A. (1967). Fracture of structural materials, John Wiley and Sons, New York, N.Y.
28.
Weiman, M. H. (1969). “Detail design and manufacturing consideration.” Metal fatigue: theory and design, A. F. Madayag, ed., John Wiley and Sons, New York, N.Y.
29.
Wirsching, P. H., and Yao, J. T. P. (1970). “Statistical methods in structural fatigue.” J. Struct. Div., ASCE, 96(6), 1201–1219.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Structural Engineering
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 120Issue 6June 1994
Pages: 1882 - 1892

History

Received: Jul 2, 1992
Published online: Jun 1, 1994
Published in print: Jun 1994

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Bilal M. Ayyub, Member, ASCE
Prof. of Civ. Engrg., Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
Peter C. Chang, Member, ASCE
Assoc. Prof. of Civ. Engrg., Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD
Naji A. Al‐Mutairi, Associate Member, ASCE
Dept. Head, Kuwait Inst. for Scientific Res., Engrg. Div., Civ. & Build. Dept., Safat 13109, Kuwait

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share