Wind‐Simulation Criteria for Wind‐Effect Tests
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 110, Issue 2
Abstract
Pressures, loads, dynamic responses and adverse pedestrian‐level environments caused by wind action on buildings and structures are commonly determined by physical modeling in wind tunnels. Accurate quantitative evaluation of these effects for wind engineering requires that natural wind characteristics be simulated with reasonable fidelity. Features of boundary‐layer wind tunnels that meet this requirement are presented and reviewed. Two general criteria are proposed as minimum performance requirements of wind tunnels used to test buildings and structures for wind effects.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Cermak, J. E., “Wind Tunnel for the Study of Turbulence in the Atmospheric Surface Layer,” Technical Report CER58JEC42, Fluid Dynamics and Diffusion Laboratory, Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, Colo., 1958, 31 pp.
2.
Cermak, J. E., “Laboratory Simulation of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer,” AIAA Journal, Vol. 9, No. 9, Sept., 1971, pp. 1746–1754.
3.
Cermak, J. E., “Applications of Fluid Mechanics to Wind Engineering—A Freeman Scholar Lecture,” Transactions, ASME, Journal of Fluid Engineering, Vol. 97, Mar., 1975, pp. 9–38.
4.
Cermak, J. E., “Wind‐Tunnel Testing of Structures,” Journal of the Engineering Mechanics Division, ASCE, Vol. 103, No. EM6, Proc. Paper 13445, Dec., 1977, pp. 1125–1140.
5.
Cermak, J. E., “Wind Tunnel Design for Physical Modeling of Atmospheric Boundary Layers,” Journal of the Engineering Mechanics Division, ASCE, Vol. 107, No. EM3, Proc. Paper 16340, June, 1981, pp. 623–642.
6.
Cermak, J. E., “Physical Modeling of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) in Long Boundary‐Layer Wind Tunnels (BLWT),” Proceedings of Workshop on Wind Tunnel Modeling for Civil Engineering Applications, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, 1982.
7.
Cermak, J. E., and Arya, S. P. S., “Problems of Atmospheric Shear Flows and Their Laboratory Simulation,” Boundary‐Layer Meteorology, Vol. 1, 1970, pp. 40–60.
8.
Cook, N. J., “Simulation Techniques for Short‐section Wind Tunnels: Roughness, Barrier and Mixing‐device Methods,” Proceedings of Workshop on Wind Tunnel Modeling for Civil Engineering Applications, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, 1982.
9.
Davenport, A. G., and Isyumov, H., “The Application of the Boundary Layer Wind Tunnel to the Prediction of Wind Loading,” Proceedings of International Conference on Wind Effects on Buildings and Structures, (redesignated the Second International Conference on Wind Engineering), University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Canada, Vol. I, 1968, pp. 201–230.
10.
Haugen, D. A., ed., Workshop on Micrometeorology, American Meteorological Society, Boston, Mass., 1973, 392 pp.
11.
Irwin, H. P. A. H., “The Design of Spires for Wind Simulation,” Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, Vol. 7, No. 3, May, 1981, pp. 361–366.
12.
Jensen, J., “The Model‐Law for Phenomena in Natural Wind,” Ingeniøren, International Edition, Vol. 2, No. 4, 1958, pp. 121–128.
13.
Lumley, J. L., and Panofsky, H. A., The Structure of Atmospheric Turbulence, Interscience Publishers, New York, N.Y., 1964, 239 pp.
14.
“Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures,” American National Standards Institute, A58.1, 1981.
15.
Ruark, A. E., “Inspectional Analysis: A Method Which Supplements Dimensional Analysis,” Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Science Society, Vol. 51, 1935, pp. 127–133.
16.
Schlichting, H., Boundary Layer Theory, McGraw Hill Publishing Co., Inc., New York, N.Y., 1980, 647 pp.
17.
Sundaram, T. R., Ludwig, G. R., and Skinner, G. T., “Modeling of the Turbulence Structure of the Atmospheric Surface Layer,” AIAA Journal, Vol. 10, No. 6, June, 1972, pp. 743–750.
18.
Zoric, D., and Sandborn, V. A., “Similarity of Large Reynolds Number Boundary Layers,” Boundary‐Layer Meteorology, Vol. 2, No. 3, Mar., 1972, pp. 326–333.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 110 • Issue 2 • February 1984
Pages: 328 - 339
Copyright
Copyright © 1984 ASCE.
History
Published online: Feb 1, 1984
Published in print: Feb 1984
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.