Analysis of Evaporative Flux Data for Various Climates
Publication: Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 118, Issue 4
Abstract
Estimation of evapotranspiration is a key requirement of hydrologic balance studies and climate analysis. The study reported involved collection of precise weighing lysimeter and meteorological data from three sites representing distinct climates. The combined data set for daily amounts of evapotranspiration and meteorological variables covers a total of 19 years on either an annual or growing season basis. The pan evaporation, Priestley‐Taylor, original Penman, and Penman‐Monteith evapotranspiration estimating methods are compared with lysimeter measurements using a moving average of 1–30 days. The results indicate the applicability of the various methods as a function of climate regime and the reduction in standard error of the estimate and increase in the coefficient of determination as a function of length of the moving average period. The results can be used both to determine which methods are most applicable for different climates and the expected magnitude of the error as a function of the estimating interval. This study indicates that a 5–10‐day moving average can reduce the standard error of the estimate and increase the coefficient of determination significantly between estimated and measured reference evapotranspiration for several estimating methods for various climates.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Aboukhaled, A., Alfaro, A., and Smith, M. (1982). “Lysimeters.” FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 39, U.N. Food and Agric. Org., 1–68.
2.
Allen, R. G. (1986). “Penman for all seasons.” J. Irrig. Drain. Div., ASCE, 112(4), 348–368.
3.
Brutsaert, W. H. (1982). Evaporation into the atmosphere. Theory, history, and applications. D. Reidel Publishing Co., Boston, Mass.
4.
Cuenca, R. H. (1989). Irrigation system design: An engineering approach. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.
5.
Doorenbos, J., and Pruitt, W. O. (1977). “Guidelines for predicting crop water requirements.” FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 24, U.N. Food and Agr. Org., Rome, Italy.
6.
Jensen, M. E., Burman, R. D., and Allen, R. G., eds. (1990). “Evapotranspiration and irrigation water requirements.” ASCE Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice, No. 70., ASCE, New York, N.Y.
7.
Jensen, M. E., ed. (1974). Consumptive use of water and irrigation water requirements. ASCE, New York, N.Y.
8.
Katul, G. G., and Parlange, M. B. (1991). “A Penman‐Brutsaert model for wet surface evaporation.” Water Resour. Res. (28), 121–126.
9.
Katul, G. G. (1990). “Collection and analysis of evaporative flux data for various climates,” M.S. thesis, Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, Oreg.
10.
Linsely, R. K. (1982). Hydrology for engineers. McGraw‐Hill, New York, N.Y.
11.
Mahrt, L., and Ek, M. (1984). “The influence of atmospheric stability on potential evaporation.” J. Climate and Appl. Meteor., 23, 222–234.
12.
Mintz, Y. (1984). The sensitivity of numerically simulated climates to land surface boundary conditions in the Global Climate. J. T. Houghton, ed., Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, N.Y., 79–103.
13.
Monteith, J. L. (1965). “Evaporation and environment.” The state and movement of water in living organisms, G. E. Fogg, ed., Academic Press, New York, N.Y., 205–234.
14.
Penman, H. L. (1948). “Natural evaporation from open water, bare soil, and grass.” Proc. Roy. Soc. London, series A, Vol. 193, 120–146.
15.
Priestley, C. H. B., and Taylor, R. J. (1972). “On the assessment of surface heat flux and evaporation using large scale parameters.” Mon. Weath. Rev., 100(2), 81–92.
16.
Pruitt, W. O. (1966). “Empirical method of estimating evapotranspiration using primarily evaporation pans.” Proc. Conf. on Evapotranspiration, American Society of Agric. Engrs. (ASAE), Chicago, Il., 57–61.
17.
Pruitt, W. O., and Angus, A. (1960). “Large weighing lysimeters for measuring evapotranspiration.” Trans. ASAE, 3(2), 13–18.
18.
Rind, D., Goldberg, R., Hansen, J., Rosenzweig, C., and Ruedy, R. (1990). “Potential evapotranspiration and thelikelihood of future drought.” J. Geophys. Res., 95, 9983–10004.
19.
Ritchie, J. T., and Burnett, E. (1968). “A precision weighing lysimeter for row crop water use studies.” Agron. J., 60, 545–549.
20.
Slatyer, R. O., and McIlroy, I. C. (1961). Practical microclimatology. CSIRO, Melbourne, Australia.
21.
Snyder, R. L., Shaw, R. H., and Paw, K. T. (1987). “Humidity conversion program.” Appl. Agric. Res., 2(3), 183–192.
22.
Tanner, C. B., and Pelton, W. L. (1960). “Potential evapotranspiration estimates by approximate energy balance method of Penman.” J. Geophys. Res., 65, 3391–3413.
23.
Warrilow, D. A., and Buckeley, E. (1989). “The impact of land surface processes on the moisture budget of a climate model.” Annales Geophysicae, 7, 439–450.
24.
Wright, J. L. (1988). “Daily and seasonal evapotranspiration yield of irrigated alfalfa in southern Idaho.” Agron. J., 80, 662–669.
25.
Wright, J. L., and Jensen, M. E. (1972). “Peak water requirements of crops in southern Idaho.” J. Irrig. Drain. Div., ASCE, 96(1), 193–201.
26.
Wright, J. L. (1982). “New evapotranspiration crop coefficients.” J. Irrig. Drain. Div., ASCE, 108(2), 57–74.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
Volume 118 • Issue 4 • July 1992
Pages: 601 - 618
Copyright
Copyright © 1992 ASCE.
History
Published online: Jul 1, 1992
Published in print: Jul 1992
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.