Supercritical Flow in Smooth Open Channels
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 117, Issue 1
Abstract
The effect of Reynolds number and Froude number on the friction factor is studied for supercritical turbulent flow in smooth rectangular open channels. The values of Froude numbers for various aspect ratios, beyond which the flow becomes unstable, are determined using the method of Berlamont and Vanderstappen and the measured momentum coefficients. For stable supercritical flows, the friction factor varies with Reynolds number only, as in the case of subcritical flows. For unstable supercritical flows, the friction factor is found to vary according to Rouse's equation.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Berlamont, J., and Vatiderstappen, N. (1981). “Unstable turbulent flow in open channels.” J. Hydr. Div., ASCE, 107(4), 427–449.
2.
Brock, R. R. (1969). “Development of roll wave trains in open channels.” J. Hydr. Div., ASCE, 95(4), 1401–1427.
3.
Chow, V. T. (1959). Open channel hydraulics. McGraw‐Hill Book Co., Inc., New York, N.Y.
4.
Escoffier, F. F., and Boyd, M. M. (1962). “Stability aspects of flow in open channels.” J. Hydr. Div., ASCE, Vol. 88(6), 145–166.
5.
Gonchorov, V. N. (1970). Dynamics of channel flow 2nd Ed., Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem, Israel.
6.
Henderson, F. M. (1966). Open channel flow. MacMillan Co., New York, N.Y.
7.
Iwagaki, Y. (1952). “On the laws of resistance to turbulent flow in open smooth channels.” Proc. 4th Japan Nat. Congress for Appl. Mech., 245–250.
8.
Jeffreys, H. (1925). “The flow of water in an inclined channel of rectangular section.” Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Sci., London, United Kingdom, 793–807.
9.
Jegerov, S. A. (1940). “Turbulente Uberwellenstromung.” Wasserkraft und Wasserwirtschaft, 35, 55–57.
10.
Keulegan, G. H. (1938). “Laws of turbulent flow in open channels.” Research Paper RP 1151, Nat. Bureau of Standards, U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Washington, D.C., Vol. 21, 707–741.
11.
Lakshminarayana, P. (1980). “Velocity and shear distribution in smooth rectangular open channels with small aspect ratios,” thesis presented to the Indian Institute of Science, at Bangalore, India, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
12.
Lakshminarayana, P., Sarma, K. V. N., and Lakshmana Rao, N. S. (1986). “Shear in smooth rectangular open channels.” J. Inst. Eng. India Part CI, 66(5), 204–213.
13.
Montouri, C. (1963). Discussion of “Stability aspects of flow in open channels,” by Escoffier and Boyd. J. Hydr. Div., ASCE, 89(4), 264–273.
14.
Powell, R. W. (1946). “Flow in a channel of definite roughness.” Trans., ASCE, New York, N.Y., 531–554.
15.
Rajaratnam, N., and Muralidhar, D. (1969). “Boundary shear stress distribution in rectangular open channels.” Houille Blanche, 6, 603–609.
16.
Rouse, H. (1965). “Critical analysis of open channel resistance.” J. Hydr. Div., ASCE, 91(7), 1–25.
17.
Rouse, H., Koloseus, H. J., and Davidian, J. (1963). “The role of the Froude number in open channel resistance.” J. Hydraul. Res., 1(1), 14–19.
18.
Sarma, K. V. N., Lakshminarayana, P., and Lakshmana Rao, N. S. (1983). “Velocity distribution in smooth rectangular open channels.” J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 109(2), 270–289.
19.
Schlichting, H. (1968). Boundary layer theory. 6th Ed., McGraw‐Hill Book Co., New York, N.Y.
20.
Syamala, P. (1988). “Velocity, shear and friction factor studies in smooth rectangular channels of small aspect ratios for supercritical flows,” thesis presented to the Indian Institute of Science, at Bangalore, India, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
21.
Tracy, H. J., and Lester, C. M. (1961). “Resistance coefficients and velocity distribution—Smooth rectangular channel.” Water Supply Paper 1592‐A, U.S. Geological Survey, 1–18.
22.
Vedernikov, V. V. (1946). “Characteristic features of a liquid flow in open channel.” Trans., U.S.S.R. Academy of Sci., Vol. 52, 207–10.
23.
Watts, F. J., Simons, D. M., and Richardson, E. V. (1967). “Variations of α and β values in a lined open channel.” J. Hydr. Div., ASCE, 93(6), 217–234.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 117 • Issue 1 • January 1991
Pages: 54 - 63
Copyright
Copyright © 1991 ASCE.
History
Published online: Jan 1, 1991
Published in print: Jan 1991
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.