Uplift Capacity of Small‐Diameter Drilled Shafts from In Situ Tests
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Volume 120, Issue 8
Abstract
Predictions of the ultimate uplift capacity of six small‐diameter drilled shafts installed in stiff cohesive soil are compared with pullout tests conducted to failure. The shafts were installed by the dry‐hole method with gravity free‐fall concrete placement, and were 76 mm and 152 mm in diameter with lengths ranging from 1.52 to 4.57 m. Predictions of the ultimate uplift capacity were made assuming that failure takes place as a result of perimeter shear. An effective stress model was used with soil parameters obtained from in situ tests. Soil shear strength was obtained from the results of borehole shear tests, and an interpreted profile of in situ, at‐rest horizontal soil stress was obtained from the results of prebored pressuremeter tests. The results of the test program demonstrate that the borehole shear test and pressuremeter test may be used in combination to design drilled shafts for uplift resistance in stiff soils.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Anderson, W. F. (1988). “Effective stresses on the shafts of bored and cast‐in‐place piles in clays.” Proc. 1st Int. Geotech. Seminar on Deep Found. on Bored and Auger Piles, A. A. Balkema Publishers, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 387–394.
2.
Annual book of ASTM standards. (1993). Vol. 04.08, ASTM, Philadelphia, Pa.
3.
Burland, J. B. (1973). “Shaft friction of piles in clay—A simple fundamental approach.” Ground Engrg., 6(3), 30–42.
4.
Burland, J. B., and Twine, D. (1988). “The shaft friction of bored piles in terms of effective strength.” Proc. 1st Int. Geotech. Seminar on Deep Found. on Bored and Auger Piles, A. A. Balkema Publishers, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 411–420.
5.
Chandler, R. J. (1968). “The shaft friction of piles in cohesive soils in terms of effective stress.” Civ. Engrg. Public Works Rev., 63(1), 48–51.
6.
Handy, R. L. (1986). “Borehole shear test and slope stability.” Use of in situ tests in geotechnical engineering, ASCE, New York, N.Y., 161–175.
7.
Ismael, N. F. (1989). “Field tests on bored piles subject to axial and oblique pull.” J. Geotech. Engrg., ASCE, 115(11), 1588–1598.
8.
Ismael, N. F., and Al‐Sanad, H. A. (1986). “Uplift capacity of bored piles in calcareous soils.” J. Geotech. Engrg., ASCE, 112(10), 928–940.
9.
Ismael, N. F., and Klym, T. W. (1978). “Behavior of rigid piers in layered cohesive soils.” J. Geotech. Engrg. Div., ASCE, 104(8), 1061–1074.
10.
Ismael, N. F., and Klym, T. W. (1979). “Uplift and bearing capacity of short piers in sand.” J. Geotech. Engrg. Div., ASCE, 105(5), 579–594.
11.
Kirby, R. C., and Esrig, M. I. (1979). “Further development of a general effective stress method for prediction of axial capacity of driven piles in clay.” Conf. Recent Devel. in the Design and Constr. of Piles, Institution of Civil Engineers, London, England, 335–344.
12.
Kulhawy, F. H. (1985). “Drained uplift capacity of drilled shafts.” Proc. 11th Int. Conf. on Soil Mech. and Found. Engrg., A. A. Balkema Publishers, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 3, 1549–1552.
13.
Kulhawy, F. H., and Hirany, A. (1989). “Interpretation of load tests on drilled shafts part II: Axial uplift.” Proc. Found. Engrg. Congress, ASCE, New York, N.Y., 2, 1150–1159.
14.
Kulhawy, F. H., and Jackson, C. S. (1989). “Some observations on undrained side resistance of drilled shafts.” Proc. Found. Engrg. Congress, ASCE, New York, N.Y., 2, 1011–1025.
15.
Kulhawy, F. H., Kozera, D. W., and Withiam, J. L. (1979). “Uplift testing of model drilled shafts in sand.” J. Geotech. Engrg. Div., ASCE, 105(1), 31–47.
16.
Lacasse, S., Connell, D. H., and Ladd, C. C. (1972). “Shear strength of Connecticut valley varved clays.” Report No. R72‐16, Massachusetts Dept. of Public Works, Boston, Mass.
17.
Lutenegger, A. J. (1987). “Recommended method for performing the borehole shear test.” Geotech. Testing J., Vol. 10(1), 19–26.
18.
Lutenegger, A. J., and Tierney, K. F. (1986). “Pore pressure effects in borehole shear testing.” Use of in situ tests in geotechnical engineering, ASCE, New York, N.Y., 752–764.
19.
Lutenegger, A. J., and Timian, D. A. (1987). “Reproducibility of borehole shear tests in marine clay.” Geotech. Testing J., 10(1), 13–19.
20.
Marsland, A., and Randolph, M. F. (1977). “Comparisons of the results from pressuremeter tests and large in situ plate tests in London clay.” Geotechnique, London, England, 27(2), 217–243.
21.
Radhakrishna, H. S., and Adams, J. I. (1973). “Long‐term uplift capacity of augered footings in fissured clay.” Can. Geotech. J., 10(4), 647–652.
22.
Sowa, V. A. (1970). “Pulling capacity of concrete cast in situ bored piles.” Can. Geotech. J., 7(4), 482–493.
23.
Tucker, K. D. (1987). “Uplift capacity of drilled shafts and driven piled in granular soils.” Foundations for transmission line towers, ASCE, New York, N.Y., 142–159.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © 1994 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Dec 3, 1992
Published online: Aug 1, 1994
Published in print: Aug 1994
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.