Optimal Design of a Compacted Soil Liner Containing Sorptive Amendments
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 132, Issue 7
Abstract
The design of a compacted soil liner that includes sorptive amendments is presented and evaluated as a combinatorial optimization problem. An objective function based on the materials costs, opportunity costs, and construction costs of the liner was used to evaluate the effect of incorporating four sorptive materials: benzyltriethylammnonium-bentonite, hexadecyltrimethylammonium-bentonite, shale, and granular activated carbon (GAC) into a compacted clay liner in order to mitigate transport of organic solutes through the liner. The results from this study indicate that the inclusion of sorptive amendments as a component in compacted soil liners can effectively retard the transport of organic contaminants through the liner without violating regulatory hydraulic conductivity requirements. In all cases when aqueous transport was considered as a constraint in the objective function formulation, the resulting liner always contained some amount of sorptive amendment. In general, shale and GAC were selected for use in the sorptive liner design for all organic solutes tested. The modeling framework presented in this study is general and could be used to evaluate other types of sorptive materials or additional constraints, and thus represents a flexible new tool for the design of compacted soil liners.
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Acknowledgments
OSTRICH development was supported by Grant No. R82-7961 from the USEPA Science to Achieve Results (STAR) Program. This paper has not been subjected to any EPA review and therefore does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency, and no official endorsement should be inferred. One of the authors (L.S.M.) was supported by the National Science Foundation Integrated Graduate Education and Research Training (IGERT) program in Geographic Information Science, Award No. DGE-9870668. Another author (S.B-H.) was supported in part by a Selected Professions Fellowship from the American Association of University Women.
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 132 • Issue 7 • July 2006
Pages: 769 - 776
Copyright
© 2006 ASCE.
History
Received: May 4, 2004
Accepted: Nov 17, 2005
Published online: Jul 1, 2006
Published in print: Jul 2006
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