Abstract
The water management of the Colorado River is at a tipping point. This paper describes water management strategies in the Mexican portion of the Colorado River Basin considering water scarcity scenarios. A water allocation model was constructed representing current and future water demands and supply. The Colorado River system in Mexican territory is used as a case study, and all its water demands are characterized [Irrigation District Rio Colorado (DR-014), Mexicali, San Luis Rio Colorado, Tecate, Tijuana-Rosarito, and Ensenada]. Individual strategies were run by subsystem and then their impact was analyzed systemwide. Performance criteria and a performance-based sustainability index were evaluated to identify water stressors and management strategies to improve water supply for agricultural, urban, and environmental users. Analysis of results shows that the irrigation district (DR-014) is the most affected user due to water cuts because it has the lowest priority and, thus, any reduction in Colorado River allocations affects them directly. A range of water management strategies was investigated, including a no-action scenario. The current system depends on the long-term aquifer overdraft to supply water demand. The reduction of the cultivated area was the strategy that increased the sustainability index the most for DR-014. Agricultural to urban transfers, water use efficiency, wastewater reuse, and desalination are prime possibilities to improve the current water supply in the coastal zone (Tijuana, Rosarito, Ensenada). This research shows the spectrum of possible outcomes that could be expected, ranging from systemwide effects of inaction to the implementation of a portfolio of water management strategies.
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Data Availability Statement
The code that supports the findings of this study is available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Model inputs, units, expressions, and data source are available from Hernández-Cruz et al. (2023).
Acknowledgments
AHC is grateful to the Mexican National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT) for a scholarship grant for her Ph.D. studies at Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC-Mexico). This material is based upon work supported by Grant CN-20-278 from the University of California Institute for Mexico and the United States (UC MEXUS) and the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología de México (CONACYT).
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management
Volume 149 • Issue 9 • September 2023
Copyright
© 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Sep 28, 2022
Accepted: Apr 11, 2023
Published online: Jul 6, 2023
Published in print: Sep 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Dec 6, 2023
ASCE Technical Topics:
Authors
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