Influence of Chemical Admixtures on Expansive Behavior and Mechanical Properties of K-Type Self-Stressing Concrete in CFST Systems
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 36, Issue 8
Abstract
Concrete-filled steel tubes (CFSTs) have attracted increasing interest in research during the last decade as a construction system that increases its performance due to the use of self-stressing concrete. The efficiency and confining pressure of this construction solution mainly depends on the expansion of the concrete mixture introduced into the steel tube. This study shows the importance of the correct design of the expansive mixes and the correct selection of components. The effect of three types of chemical admixtures (air-entrained, setting retarder, and hardening accelerator) commonly used in the ready-mixed concrete industry when added to a self-stressing concrete made with a K-type calcium sulfoaluminate–based expansion agent has been analyzed. This study showed that certain chemical admixtures, added in a fixed proportion, conditioned both the compressive strength and the magnitude and kinetics of the expansion in a restricted regime of the reference self-stressing concrete mix. The efficiency of the CFST and self-stressing concrete construction solution represented by the bond failure strength and the sliding load of the concrete core against the steel tube was influenced not by the compressive strength of the expansive concrete but by the degree of restrained expansion (confinement effect) achieved. In this research, an alternative test method for measuring expansion was proposed, which allows continuous recording of positive strains (expansions), eliminating the dependence on setting time for demolding; this method even allows the exact identification of the expansion beginning. Finally, it was proposed that the ettringite detectable by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique was not representative of the magnitude of expansion generated from K-type calcium sulfoaluminate expansive agents because the proportion of ettringite was not related to the expansion determined by the different test methods proposed.
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Data Availability Statement
All data, models, and code generated or used during the study appear in the published article.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank Juan Carlos Porras from Institute for Construction Sciences Eduardo Torroja—Spanish National Research Council (IETcc-CSIC) for his collaboration in this work. The authors gratefully acknowledge the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for the financial support given to carry out this research as part of Project PID2020-113223RB-I00. They would similarly like to express their gratitude to Cementos Portland Valderribas and IMCD for supplying the cement and expansive agents used in this study.
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 36 • Issue 8 • August 2024
Copyright
© 2024 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Nov 29, 2023
Accepted: Feb 2, 2024
Published online: May 30, 2024
Published in print: Aug 1, 2024
Discussion open until: Oct 30, 2024
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Chemical properties
- Chemistry
- Columns
- Compressive strength
- Concrete
- Concrete admixtures
- Construction (by type)
- Construction engineering
- Engineering materials (by type)
- Environmental engineering
- Material mechanics
- Material properties
- Materials engineering
- Steel columns
- Steel construction
- Strength of materials
- Structural engineering
- Structural members
- Structural systems
- Tubes (structure)
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