Stripping Resistance of Bitumen Partially Substituted with Lignin from Bioethanol Industry Residue
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 36, Issue 8
Abstract
The primary focus of this study is to assess the stripping resistance of bitumen when partially replaced with rice-straw biomass-based lignin from bio-ethanol industry residue. Moreover, the study examines the relationship between the chemical and physicochemical (surface free energy or SFE) properties of lignin-substituted bitumen blends and their stripping potential. Two distinct lignin materials were examined: fermentation residue (FRL), a by-product directly obtained from the bio-ethanol industry, and Isolated Lignin (IL), which was extracted from FRL through an alkali-acid precipitation process. These materials were partially substituted at dosages of 5%, 10%, and 15% by weight of bitumen. Test results indicated that the addition of lignin to bitumen led to a change in SFE, with an increase in the polar component and a reduction in the dispersive component. The rolling bottle test revealed that bitumen blends containing IL and FRL displayed superior stripping resistance compared to the base bitumen, retaining more coating after testing. This enhancement in performance was attributed to the increased heteroatom content [sum of nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), and sulfur (S)] and higher and indices upon adding the lignin materials. While the energy ratio obtained from the SFE alone did not entirely explain the stripping resistance of lignin-substituted bitumen, the presence of heteroatoms like N, O, and S, and the presence of silicon (Si) and associated functional groups played a substantial role in the chemical adhesion of these bitumen blends to aggregates. In conclusion, the incorporation of IL and FRL lignin materials holds promise for enhancing the stripping resistance of base bitumen.
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Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to acknowledge Praj Industries Limited, Pune, India for the supply of lignin materials.
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 36 • Issue 8 • August 2024
Copyright
© 2024 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Sep 27, 2023
Accepted: Feb 6, 2024
Published online: May 31, 2024
Published in print: Aug 1, 2024
Discussion open until: Oct 31, 2024
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Asphalts
- Business management
- Chemical properties
- Chemistry
- Design (by type)
- Engineering fundamentals
- Engineering materials (by type)
- Environmental engineering
- Fluid dynamics
- Fluid mechanics
- Free surfaces
- Hydraulic engineering
- Hydraulic properties
- Hydrologic engineering
- Industries
- Load and resistance factor design
- Load factors
- Materials engineering
- Organizations
- Practice and Profession
- Stripping (chemical)
- Structural design
- Surface properties
- Water and water resources
- Water treatment
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