Optimization of Sustainable Alkali Activated Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Bottom Ash Materials with High Performance
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 36, Issue 10
Abstract
In general, municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash (IBA) is mainly utilized as fillers in nonstructural concrete products due to its low reactivity. In this study, the high-strength alkali-activated materials (AAMs) using high calcium IBA was developed. A ternary contour diagram was introduced to optimize the composition of thermally activated IBA (TMBA), ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), and fly ash (FA) in AAMs. The result showed that a high concentration of calcium ions in the ternary system contributed to the provision of nucleation sites for the precipitation of products, thus leading to the promotion of hardening. The optimal compressive strength (80–85 MPa) of AAMs was achieved using 60%–80% GGBS content, 10%–40% TMBA content, and 0%–10% FA content. The AAMs showed high resistance to sulphate attack, chloride penetration, and freeze-thaw when the TMBA content was less than 40%. This was attributed to a dense pore structure formation promoted by the presence of calcium minerals (anorthite, wollastonite, mayenite and gehlenite) as indicated in the X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The embodied index of the AAMs was about 59%–87% lower than cement, and it was a cleaner cementitious material.
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Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.: U20A20313) and Central Government Leading Local Science and Technology Development of Hebei (Grant No.: 226Z1502G).
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 36 • Issue 10 • October 2024
Copyright
© 2024 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Sep 5, 2023
Accepted: Mar 8, 2024
Published online: Jul 22, 2024
Published in print: Oct 1, 2024
Discussion open until: Dec 22, 2024
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Alkalinity and acidity
- Ashes
- Bottom ash
- Calcium
- Chemical compounds
- Chemical elements
- Chemical properties
- Chemicals
- Chemistry
- Engineering materials (by type)
- Engineering mechanics
- Environmental engineering
- Incineration
- Material mechanics
- Material properties
- Materials engineering
- Municipal wastes
- Pollutants
- Slag
- Waste management
- Waste treatment
- Wastes
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