Mechanical Performance of Porous Asphalt Concrete Incorporating Bottom Ash as Fine Aggregate
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 35, Issue 6
Abstract
Porous asphalt concrete (PAC) is an open-graded asphalt concrete with a high air void, which functions as permeable pavement with high surface frictional resistance. PAC typically requires a high amount of coarse aggregate to provide the required porous structure. An expensive high-quality polymer-modified asphalt (PMA) is commonly required to prevent draindown issues and to improve the performance of PAC. Bottom ash (BA), a high-porosity byproduct from coal-fired power plants, is used as a greener product to improve the quality of traditional asphalt cement penetration grade 60/70 (AC 60/70) for producing low-cost PAC in this research. The effect of the BA replacement ratio (0%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% by total weight of fine aggregate) on the draindown, loss of particle, Marshall properties, indirect tensile strength (ITS), indirect tensile resilient modulus (IT ), indirect tensile fatigue life (ITFL), permanent deformation (PD), rut depth, and skid resistance of BA-AC60/70-PAC were measured and compared with PMA-PAC. The draindown and particle loss values of BA-AC60/70-PAC were found to decrease with an increase in the BA replacement ratio. The BA replacement improved the Marshall properties, strength index, ITS, IT , ITFL, PD, rut depth, and skid resistance of PAC up to the highest value at the optimum BA replacement ratio of 20%. The improved ITS is associated with the improved IT in a linear relationship for all BA replacement ratios. The change in ITFL was found to be linearly related to IT at a specific stress level. At the same design criteria, the 20% BA replacement ratio yields the reduction of total construction cost of BA-AC60/70-PAC surface course by 33% benchmarked to the conventional PMA-PAC surface course.
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Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or code that support the finding of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. All data shown in figures and tables can be provided on request.
Acknowledgments
This research was financially support by The Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand under Contract No. 63-N001000-11-IO.SS03N3008558. The authors also appreciate the support from National Science and Technology Development Agency under the Chair Professor Program [P-19-52303]. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the funding from the Australian Research Council (Project No. LP200301154).
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Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 35 • Issue 6 • June 2023
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© 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: Jul 16, 2022
Accepted: Oct 4, 2022
Published online: Mar 28, 2023
Published in print: Jun 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Aug 28, 2023
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