Identification and Quantification of Surface Depressions on Grassy Land Surfaces of Different Topographic Attributes Using High-Resolution Terrestrial Laser Scanning Point Cloud and Triangulated Irregular Network
Publication: Journal of Hydrologic Engineering
Volume 28, Issue 4
Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify and quantify surface depressions on grass-covered land surfaces using a high-resolution terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) point cloud, and a triangulated irregular network (TIN). The entire grassy land surface in the study area was divided into five subwatersheds of different topographic attributes (i.e., depression depth and surface slope). Surface depressions were identified and quantified using a TIN generated from a high-resolution TLS point cloud. The results indicated that microtopography of the grassy land surface was well-characterized within each subwatershed in comparison with field observations. With the terrestrial light detection and ranging (LIDAR) point cloud of 15-mm point spacing and the TIN method, surface depression storage depths of the five subwatersheds ranged from 1.73 to 14.28 mm in the study area. The surface depression storage depth, as expected, increased with the maximum depth of surface depression. It was also found to increase when the land surface slope became milder. A sensitivity analysis indicated that a point cloud with a point spacing of 30 mm was sufficient to obtain an accurate representation of the terrain surface in the study area. This study also indicated the TIN method can represent the ground surface and the surface depression more realistically than the commonly used digital elevation model (DEM) method due to the TIN method’s higher capability of identifying and filtering out surface obstructions such as blades of grass. Moreover, by using the high-resolution TLS technology and the TIN method, our study provides an important and broad range of reference data on the surface depression storage depth commonly needed in application of the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) and other watershed models.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models or code that support the findings of this research are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request, including but not limited to: Point cloud data set obtained from TLS.
Acknowledgments
This research was supported by the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation as a part of Community resiliency Grant 43931. The graduate study of the first author (DMM) was also financially supported by Rutgers University. Zikai Zhou was involved in the initial phase of the study. The City of Linden, New Jersey, kindly provided logistic support to the study. The anonymous editors and reviewers provided valuable comments and suggestions.
References
Abedini, M. J., W. T. Dickinson, and R. P. Rudra. 2006. “On depressional storages: The effect of DEM spatial resolution.” J. Hydrol. 318 (1): 138–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.06.010.
Amoah, J. K. O., D. M. Amatya, and S. Nnaji. 2013. “Quantifying watershed surface depression storage: Determination and application in a hydrologic model.” Hydrol. Processes 27 (17): 2401–2413. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.9364.
Arango, C., and C. A. Morales. 2015. “Comparison between multicopter UAV and total station for estimating stockpile volumes.” In Proc., Int. Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences. Hanover, Germany: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-XL-1-W4-131-2015.
Argüelles-Fraga, R., C. Ordóñez, S. García-Cortés, and J. Roca-Pardiñas. 2013. “Measurement planning for circular cross-section tunnels using terrestrial laser scanning.” Autom. Constr. 31 (May): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2012.11.023.
Armesto, J., J. Roca-Pardiñas, H. Lorenzo, and P. Arias. 2010. “Modelling masonry arches shape using terrestrial laser scanning data and nonparametric methods.” Eng. Struct. 32 (2): 607–615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.11.007.
Arnold, N. 2010. “A new approach for dealing with depressions in digital elevation models when calculating flow accumulation values.” Prog. Phys. Geogr.: Earth Environ. 34 (6): 781–809. https://doi.org/10.1177/0309133310384542.
ASTM. 2018. Standard test method for infiltration rate of soils in field using double-ring infiltrometer. ASTM D3385-18. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International. https://doi.org/10.1520/D3385-18.
Berg, S. A., S. T. Persijn, G. J. P. Kok, M. G. Zeitouny, and N. Bhattacharya. 2012. “Many-wavelength interferometry with thousands of lasers for absolute distance measurement.” Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 (18): 183901. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.183901.
Bogawski, P., and E. Bednorz. 2014. “Comparison and validation of selected evapotranspiration models for conditions in Poland (Central Europe).” Water Resour. Manage. 28 (14): 5021–5038. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-014-0787-8.
Byrne, B. A., and Q. Guo. 2021. “Removal of salt marsh–impairing tidal flow restrictions: Impact on upstream flooding under the combined influence of rainfall and tide.” J. Hydrol. Eng. 26 (7): 05021017. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0002108.
Chu, X., J. Zhang, Y. Chi, and J. Yang. 2010. “An improved method for watershed delineation and computation of surface depression storage.” In Management under land use and climate. Reston, VA: ASCE. https://doi.org/10.1061/41143(394)100.
Dagadu, J. S., and P. T. Nimbalkar. 2012. “Infiltration studies of different soils under different soil conditions and comparison of infiltration models with field data.” Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Commun. Eng. 3 (2): 154–157.
de Groen, M. M., and H. H. G. Savenije. 2006. “A monthly interception equation based on the statistical characteristics of daily rainfall.” Water Resour. Res. 42 (Dec): W12417. https://doi.org/10.1029/2006WR005013.
Duan, R., C. B. Fedler, and J. Borrelli. 2011. “Field evaluation of infiltration models in lawn soils.” Irrig. Sci. 29 (5): 379–389. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-010-0248-y.
Fanti, R., G. Gigli, L. Lombardi, D. Tapete, and P. Canuti. 2013. “Terrestrial laser scanning for rockfall stability analysis in the cultural heritage site of Pitigliano (Italy).” Landslides 10 (4): 409–420. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-012-0329-5.
FAO. 2020. WaPOR database methodology: Version 2 release, April 2020. Rome: FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/ca9894en.
Haghighi, F., M. Gorji, M. Shorafa, F. Sarmadian, and M. H. Mohammadi. 2010. “Evaluation of some infiltration models and hydraulic parameters.” Spanish J. Agric. Res. [Rev. de Investigacion Agrar.] 8 (1): 210–217. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2010081-1160.
Hargreaves, G. H., and R. G. Allen. 2004. “Closure to ‘History and evaluation of Hargreaves evapotranspiration equation’ by George H. Hargreaves and Richard G. Allen.” J. Irrig. Drain. Eng. 129 (1): 53–63. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9437(2003)129:1(53).
Hodgson, M. E., and P. Bresnahan. 2004. “Accuracy of airborne LIDAR-derived elevation.” Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens. 70 (3): 331–339. https://doi.org/10.14358/PERS.70.3.331.
Horton, R. E. 1933. “The role of infiltration in the hydrologic cycle.” EOS Trans. Am. Geophys. Union 14 (1): 446–460. https://doi.org/10.1029/TR014i001p00446.
Huang, P.-C., and K. T. Lee. 2015. “A simple depression-filling method for raster and irregular elevation datasets.” J. Earth Syst. Sci. 124 (8): 1653–1665. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-015-0641-2.
Lane, C. R., and E. D’Amico. 2010. “Calculating the ecosystem service of water storage in isolated wetlands using LiDAR in north central Florida, USA.” Wetlands 30 (5): 967–977. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-010-0085-z.
Large, A. R. G., and G. L. Heritage. 2007. “Terrestrial laser scanner based instream habitat quantification using a random field approach.” In Proc., RSPSoc Conf. 2007. Nottingham, UK: Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry Society.
Liang, X., et al. 2016. “Terrestrial laser scanning in forest inventories.” ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens. 115 (May): 63–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2016.01.006.
Lu, S., N. Ouyang, B. Wu, Y. Wei, and Z. Tesemma. 2013. “Lake water volume calculation with time series remote-sensing images.” Int. J. Remote Sens. 34 (22): 7962–7973. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2013.827814.
Mishra, S. K., J. V. Tyagi, and V. P. Singh. 2003. “Comparison of infiltration models.” Hydrol. Processes 17 (13): 2629–2652. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.1257.
Mohammed, A. H. 2006. “Evaluation of Kostiakov, Horton and Philip’s infiltration equations as affected by tillage and rotation systems in a clay-loam soil of northwest Iran.” In Proc., 18th World Congress of Soil Science. Vienna, Austria: International Union of Soil Sciences.
Muhadi, N. A., A. F. Abdullah, S. K. Bejo, M. R. Mahadi, and A. Mijic. 2020. “The use of LiDAR-derived DEM in flood applications: A review.” Remote Sens. 12 (14): 2308. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12142308.
Panos, C. L., T. S. Hogue, R. L. Gilliom, and J. E. McCray. 2018. “High-resolution modeling of infill development impact on stormwater dynamics in Denver, Colorado.” J. Sustainable Water Built Environ. 4 (4): 04018009. https://doi.org/10.1061/JSWBAY.0000863.
Qiu, D. W., and J. G. Wu. 2008. “Terrestrial laser scanning for deformation monitoring of the thermal pipeline traversed subway tunnel engineering.” In Proc., 21st ISPRS Congress: Commission V. Hanover, Germany: International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.
Resop, J. P., J. L. Kozarek, and W. C. Hession. 2012. “Terrestrial laser scanning for delineating in-stream boulders and quantifying habitat complexity measures.” Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens. 78 (4): 363–371. https://doi.org/10.14358/PERS.78.4.363.
Richards, P. L., M. D. Norris, and B. B. Lin. 2013. “The hydrologic implications of old field succession: Depression storage and leaf litter.” Ecohydrology 6 (5): 863–877. https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.1310.
Tholin, A. L., and C. J. Keifer. 1960. “Hydrology of urban runoff.” J. Transp. Eng. 125 (1): 1308–1355. https://doi.org/10.1061/taceat.0007893.
Ulrich, M., G. Grosse, J. Strauss, and L. Schirrmeister. 2014. “Quantifying wedge-ice volumes in Yedoma and Thermokarst basin deposits.” Permafrost Periglacial Processes 25 (3): 151–161. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp.1810.
USDA. 2014. Keys to soil taxonomy. 12th ed. Washington, DC: USDA.
Valipour, M., and S. Eslamian. 2014. “Analysis of potential evapotranspiration using 11 modified temperature-based models.” Int. J. Hydrol. Sci. Technol. 4 (3): 192–207. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJHST.2014.067733.
Viessman, W., and G. Lewis. 2002. Introduction to hydrology. 5th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.
Von-Hoyningen-Huene, J. 1983. “Die Interzeption Des Niederschlages in Landwirtschaftlichen Pflanzenbeständen.” Accessed February 18, 2022. https://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=8383840.
WEF (Water Environment Federation) and ASCE. 1992. Design and construction of urban stormwater management systems. Manual of practice no. 77. New York: ASCE. https://doi.org/10.1061/9780872628557.
Yang, J., and X. Chu. 2013. “Effects of DEM resolution on surface depression properties and hydrologic connectivity.” J. Hydrol. Eng. 18 (9): 1157–1169. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0000731.
Zhou, Z., and Q. Guo. 2022. “Drainage alternatives for rain gardens on subsoil of low permeability: Balance among ponding time, soil moisture, and runoff reduction.” J. Sustainable Water Built Environ. 8 (3): 05022002. https://doi.org/10.1061/JSWBAY.0000988.
Zhou, Z., D. M. Meneses, Y. Yu, J. Gong, and Q. Guo. 2021. “Delineation of small flat watershed with high-resolution DEM from terrestrial laser scanning.” J. Hydrol. Eng. 26 (7): 04021021. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0002096.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Hydrologic Engineering
Volume 28 • Issue 4 • April 2023
Copyright
© 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: May 10, 2022
Accepted: Oct 25, 2022
Published online: Jan 19, 2023
Published in print: Apr 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Jun 19, 2023
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.
Cited by
- Diego M. Meneses, Lin Zheng, Qizhong Guo, Stormwater-Retaining Ground Surface Depressions of Solar Photovoltaic Farms, Journal of Sustainable Water in the Built Environment, 10.1061/JSWBAY.SWENG-525, 10, 1, (2024).