Investigations into Variations in Meso- and Macro-Physicomechanical Properties of Black Sandstone under High-Temperature Conditions Based on Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Publication: International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 23, Issue 3
Abstract
The high-temperature environment has a significant deterioration effect on the meso- and macro-physicomechanical properties of rocks. Black sandstone in Chuxiong Yunnan was chosen as the test sample to perform a high-temperature test, a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) test, and a uniaxial compressive test (UCT). After high-temperature heating (25°C–1,200°C), the thermally damaged samples were subjected to NMR tests in both saturated and centrifugal states. The transverse relaxation time T2 spectrum distribution and T2 spectrum area were subsequently obtained. The temperature effect of the mesopore structure was investigated by analyzing the changes in porosity. The T2 spectrum cutoff value was determined, and the temperature effect of the movable fluid migration law for rocks was evaluated. The thermal damage constitutive relationship with porosity as the damage variable was determined, and the evolution law of mesopore structure parameters and macroscopic mechanical parameters was discussed. UCT results showed that the mechanical characteristics of black sandstone were obviously degraded by high temperature, and especially the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) decreased sharply after the temperature exceeded 900°C. NMR results identified 900°C as an inflection point for the mesostructure change. For temperatures lower than 900°C, the improvement of pore connectivity was not obvious. For temperatures exceeding 900°C, the porosity increased rapidly. The porosity had a great influence on UCS, and there was a clear exponential function relationship between the two. The larger the porosity, the smaller the UCS. It showed that it was an effective angle to study the mesopore characteristics and mechanical properties of high-temperature rocks based on the NMR technique.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 42007259) and the Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering, Hohai University (No. 2021004).
Notation
The following symbols are used in this paper:
- BVI
- bound fluid saturation (%);
- DT
- thermal damage variable (%).
- FS
- pore shape factor;
- MVI
- movable fluid saturation (%);
- R2
- correlation coefficient;
- rpore
- pore radius (µm);
- Spore
- total pore surface area (µm2);
- SP−1
- T2spectrum areas corresponding to P−1;
- SP−2
- T2spectrum areas corresponding to P−2;
- T
- treatment temperature (°C);
- T1
- longitudinal relaxation time (ms);
- T2
- transverse relaxation time (ms);
- T2B
- transverse relaxation time of the free pore fluid (ms);
- T2D
- transverse relaxation time of the pore fluid caused by molecular diffusion (ms);
- T2S
- transverse relaxation time of the pore fluid caused by surface relaxation (ms);
- T2−cutoff
- T2 spectrum cutoff value (ms);
- Vpore
- total pore volume (µm3);
- ΔψNMR
- change rate of the NMR porosity with thermal damage (%);
- ρ2
- transverse surface relaxation strength (µm/s);
- ψB
- bound fluid porosity (%);
- ψM
- movable fluid porosity (%);
- ψNMR
- NMR porosity (%);
- ψNMR−25
- NMR porosity without thermal damage (%);
- ψNMR−T
- NMR porosity after temperature treatment at T(%); and
- ωPEC
- pore-scale evolution coefficient (%).
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Published In
International Journal of Geomechanics
Volume 23 • Issue 3 • March 2023
Copyright
© 2022 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Apr 11, 2022
Accepted: Oct 2, 2022
Published online: Dec 20, 2022
Published in print: Mar 1, 2023
Discussion open until: May 20, 2023
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