Chapter
Feb 22, 2024

A Proper Methodology to Characterize the Associated Variability of UCS Data for the Metamorphic Rocks Based on Outlier Detection Methods

Publication: Geo-Congress 2024

ABSTRACT

This paper presents a methodology for analyzing the uncertainties of uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) test data for metamorphic rocks based on statistical and mineralogical analyses. The methodology consists of three steps: data treatment process, schistosity angle, and mineralogy. The treatment process involved different data treatment techniques to assess the variabilities of UCS data, and to determine appropriate outlier detection methods based on multiple decision-making criteria and engineering judgment. The results showed that adjusted boxplot and 2SD method provided more accurate outcomes in detecting outliers. The findings reveal that traditional boxplot may not be the best for treating UCS data. Moreover, the study examined the impact of schistosity angle and suggests removing samples within a specific angle range to decrease UCS variabilities. The mineralogical analysis examined the impact of various minerals on UCS variations, revealing a correlation between the dispersion and the variabilities of both hard and soft minerals.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this chapter.

REFERENCES

Agliardi, F., Sapigni, M., and Crosta, G. (2016). Rock mass characterization by high-resolution sonic and GSI borehole logging. Rock Mech Rock Eng, 49(11), 4303–4318.
Bouzeran, L., Pierce, M., Andrieux, P., and Williams, E. (2019, 24-25 June 2019). Accounting for rock mass heterogeneity and buckling mechanisms in the study of excavation performance in foliated ground at Westwood mine Deep Mining 2019: Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Deep and High Stress Mining, Muldersdrift.
Dindarloo, S. R., and Siami-Irdemoosa, E. (2015). Maximum surface settlement based classification of shallow tunnels in soft ground. Tunnelling Underground Space Technology, 49, 320–327.
Doerffel, K. (1967). Die statistische Auswertung von Analysenergebnissen (Vol. 2). Springer.
Goktan, R., and Ayday, C. (1993). A suggested improvement to the Schmidt rebound hardness ISRM suggested method with particular reference to rock machineability. Int. J. Rock Mech. Min., 30(3).
Grubbs, F. E. (1950). Sample Criteria for Testing Outlying Observations. The Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 21(1), 27–58, 32. https://doi.org/10.1214/aoms/1177729885.
Gul, M., Kotak, Y., Muneer, T., and Ivanova, S. (2018). Enhancement of albedo for solar energy gain with particular emphasis on overcast skies. Energies, 11(11), 2881.
Heidarzadeh, S., Saeidi, A., Lavoie, C., and Rouleau, A. (2021). Geomechanical characterization of a heterogenous rock mass using geological and laboratory test results: a case study of the Niobec Mine, Quebec (Canada). SN Applied Sciences, 3, 1–20.
Hubert, M., and Vandervieren, E. (2008). An adjusted boxplot for skewed distributions. Computational statistics & data analysis, 52(12), 5186–5201.
IAMGOLD. (2019). IAMGOLD Corporation - Exploitations - The Westwood Gold Mine.
Kalenchuk, K., Mercer, R., and Williams, E. (2017). Large-magnitude seismicity at the Westwood mine, Quebec, Canada. Deep Mining 2017: Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Deep and High Stress Mining.
Kannan, K. S., Manoj, K., and Arumugam, S. (2015). Labeling methods for identifying outliers. IJSS, 10(2), 231–238.
Peirce, B. (1852). Criterion for the rejection of doubtful observations. The Astronomical Journal, 2, 161–163.
Pepe, G., Cevasco, A., Gaggero, L., and Berardi, R. (2017). Variability of intact rock mechanical properties for some metamorphic rock types and its implications on the number of test specimens. Bull. Eng. Geol. Environ., 76(2), 629–644.
Ross, S. M. (2003). Peirce’s criterion for the elimination of suspect experimental data. Journal of engineering technology, 20(2), 38–41.
Roy, J., Eberhardt, E., Bewick, R., and Campbell, R. (2023). Application of Data Analysis Techniques to Identify Rockburst Mechanisms, Triggers, and Contributing Factors in Cave Mining. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 1–36.
Saleem, S., Aslam, M., and Shaukat, M. R. (2021). A review and empirical comparison of univariate outlier detection methods. PJS, 37(4).
Schwertman, N. C., and de Silva, R. (2007). Identifying outliers with sequential fences. Computational statistics & data analysis, 51(8), 3800–3810.
Shao, Z., Armaghani, D. J., Bejarbaneh, B. Y., Mu’azu, M., and Mohamad, E. T. (2019). Estimating the friction angle of black shale core specimens with hybrid-ANN approaches. Measurement, 145, 744–755.
Tiryaki, B. (2008). Predicting intact rock strength for mechanical excavation using multivariate statistics, artificial neural networks, and regression trees. Eng. Geol., 99(1), 51–60.
Tremblay, K. (2020). Determination of geological and geomechanical parameters intensifying the risk of landslides near the Bousquet Fault at the Westwood mine (in French) Université du Québec à Chicoutimi].
Walker, M. L., Dovoedo, Y. H., Chakraborti, S., and Hilton, C. W. (2018). An Improved Boxplot for Univariate Data. The American Statistician, 72(4), 348–353.
Xue, Y., Bai, C., Qiu, D., Kong, F., and Li, Z. (2020). Predicting rockburst with database using particle swarm optimization and extreme learning machine. Tunn. Undergr. Space Technol., 98, 103287.
Yergeau, D. (2015). Geology of the atypical Westwood synvolcanic gold deposit, Abitibi, Quebec., PhD thesis (in French) Université du Québec, Institut national de la recherche scientifique].

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Geo-Congress 2024
Geo-Congress 2024
Pages: 11 - 23

History

Published online: Feb 22, 2024

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

ASCE Technical Topics:

Authors

Affiliations

Behzad Dastjerdy [email protected]
1Dept. of Applied Sciences, Univ. of Quebec at Chicoutimi (UQAC), Chicoutimi, QC, Canada. Email: [email protected]
2Dept. of Applied Sciences, Univ. of Quebec at Chicoutimi (UQAC), Chicoutimi, QC, Canada. Email: [email protected]
Shahriyar Heidarzadeh [email protected]
3SNC-Lavalin Group, Inc., Montreal, QC, Canada. Email: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Paper
$35.00
Add to cart
Buy E-book
$128.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Paper
$35.00
Add to cart
Buy E-book
$128.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share