Automatic Detection of Natural Hazard-Induced Power Grid Infrastructure Faults Using Computational Intelligence
Publication: Construction Research Congress 2024
ABSTRACT
Power grid infrastructure systems are vulnerable to natural hazards. Many studies have focused on the use of sensing technologies to detect natural hazard-induced power grid faults. However, a massive sensor network to collect data for such studies is costly and may not capture complex grid conditions. Therefore, this paper develops an automated grid fault detection system. First, a smart solar-enabled microgrid was developed to simulate small grid operation, which can also dynamically sense the voltage and current for capturing the grid conditions. Second, three types of faults (i.e., partial shading fault, three phase fault, and tripping fault) were introduced into the microgrid to represent the potential faults caused by natural hazards. Third, a one-day operation was simulated. Fourth, a dataset with 864,000 samples was collected, denoised, labeled, and used to develop three different machine learning classifiers. These classifiers were evaluated using four metrics, including accuracy (i.e., the proportion of correct predictions made by a classifier), precision, recall, and F-1 score. Model evaluation results showed that (1) the K-nearest neighbor was the optimal classifier to detect a partial shading fault with an accuracy of 99.19%, and (2) decision tree was the most performant model for detecting three phase fault and tripping fault with accuracies of 100% and 99.90%, respectively. Ultimately, this paper contributes to the body of knowledge by integrating power grid simulation and machine learning for improving the resilience of power grids against natural hazards.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this chapter.
REFERENCES
Ali, G. G., El-adaway, I. H., Sims, C., Holladay, J. S., and Chen, C. F. (2023). “Reducing the Vulnerability of Electric Power Infrastructure against Natural Disasters by Promoting Distributed Generation.” Nat. Hazards Rev., 24(2), 04022052.
Basnet, B., Chun, H., and Bang, J. (2020). “An intelligent fault detection model for fault detection in photovoltaic systems.” J. Sens., 2020, 1–11.
Climate Central. (2022). “Surging weather-related power outages.” <https://www.climatecentral.org/climate-matters/surging-weather-related-power-outages>. (Apr. 27, 2023).
Dhend, M. H., and Chile, R. H. (2016). “Efficient fault diagnosis in smart grid using non conventional mother wavelet function.” Proc., on APPEEC, IEEE, Xi’an, China, 342–347.
Eisenberg, D. A., Park, J., and Seager, T. P. (2017). “Sociotechnical network analysis for power grid resilience in South Korea.” J. Complex., 2017.
Eskandarpour, R., Khodaei, A., and Arab, A. (2017). “Improving power grid resilience through predictive outage estimation.” Proc., Symp. on North American Power, IEEE, Morgantown, WV. 1–5.
Jufri, F. H., Widiputra, V., and Jung, J. (2019). “State-of-the-art review on power grid resilience to extreme weather events: Definitions, frameworks, quantitative assessment methodologies, and enhancement strategies.” Appl. Energy, 239, 1049–1065.
Li, Q., Deng, Y., Liu, X., Sun, W., Li, W., Li, J., and Liu, Z. (2023). “Autonomous smart grid fault detection.” IEEE Commun. Mag.
Mohammadi, F., Nazri, G. A., and Saif, M. (2019). “A fast fault detection and identification approach in power distribution systems.” Proc., Int. Conf. on Power Generation Systems and Renewable Energy Technologies, IEEE, Istanbul, Turkey, 1–4.
Panteli, M., Trakas, D. N., Mancarella, P., and Hatziargyriou, N. D. (2016). “Boosting the power grid resilience to extreme weather events using defensive islanding.” IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, 7(6), 2913–2922.
Rault, T., Bouabdallah, A., and Challal, Y. (2014). “Energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks: A top-down survey.” Comput. Netw., 67, 104–122.
Shao, C., Shahidehpour, M., Wang, X., Wang, X., and Wang, B. (2017). “Integrated planning of electricity and natural gas transportation systems for enhancing the power grid resilience.” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 32(6), 4418–4429.
Silva, K. M., Souza, B. A., and Brito, N. S. (2006). “Fault detection and classification in transmission lines based on wavelet transform and ANN.” IEEE Trans. Power Deliv., 21(4), 2058–2063.
Song, Y., Wan, C., Hu, X., Qin, H., and Lao, K. (2022). “Resilient power grid for smart city.” iEnergy, 1(3), 325–340.
USDOE (United States Department of Energy). (2023). “Draft DOE study identifies pressing national electric transmission needs.” <https://www.energy.gov/gdo/articles/draft-doe-study-identifies-pressing-national-electric-transmission-needs>(Apr. 27, 2023).
USGAO (United States Government Accountability Office). (2022). “Electricity grid: DOE should address lessons learned from previous disasters to enhance resilience.” <https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-22-105093>(Apr. 27, 2023).
Waseem, M., and Manshadi, S. D. (2020). “Electricity grid resilience amid various natural disasters: Challenges and solutions.” Electr. J., 33(10), 106864.
Yin, Z., Fang, C., Yang, H., Fang, Y., and Xie, M. (2022). “Improving the resilience of power grids against typhoons with data‐driven spatial distributionally robust optimization.” Risk Anal.
Zhang, Z., Wang, Y., and Wang, K. (2013). “Fault diagnosis and prognosis using wavelet packet decomposition, Fourier transform and artificial neural network.” J. Intell. Manuf., 24, 1213–1227.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
History
Published online: Mar 18, 2024
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.