RTG Radiator Efficiency in the Presence of Lunar Dust
Publication: Earth and Space 2022
ABSTRACT
The accumulation of lunar dust on various surfaces is the subject of much recent study, yet is still poorly understood. Recent plans to return humans to the Moon as part of the Artemis program mean that the presence of robust infrastructure to support a permanent human presence is inevitable. Power supply systems, such as radioisotope thermoelectric generators are a likely part of that infrastructure, but require radiative thermal dissipation through a series of radiator fins to function effectively. In this work, the results of a parametric study of the impact on radiator efficiency due to various quantities and types of lunar dust simulants are presented, determining that the impact from low levels of lunar dust accumulation is not significantly detrimental to the efficiency of multi-mission radioisotope thermoelectric generator performance in a vacuum, but increased fidelity of data would improve these findings.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this chapter.
REFERENCES
Batcheldor, D., Mantovani, J., and Wittal, M. M. (2021). “Lunar regolith trajectories as a result of plume surface interactions.” AAS Division of Planetary Science meeting #53, Vol. 53.
Campbell, B. A. and Campbell, D. B. (2006). “Regolith properties in the south polar region of the moon from 70-cm radar polarimetry.” Icarus, 180(1), 1–7.
Colorado School of Mines (2021). “Planetary simulant database.” Planetary Simulant Database, <https://simulantdb.com/>.
Fesmire, J. E. et al. (2020). “Macroflash boiloff calorimetry instrument for the measurement of heat transmission through materials.” Vol. 756.
Gaier, J., Siamidis, J., Panko, S., Rogers, K., and Larkin, E. (2008). “The Effect of Simulated Lunar Dust on the Absorptivity, Emissivity, and Operating Temperature on AZ–93 and Ag/FEP Thermal Control Surfaces (December).
Gaier, J. R. and Jaworskes, D. A. (2007, doi: ). “Lunar dust on heat rejection system surfaces: Problems and prospects.” AIP Conference Proceedings, Vol. 880.
Gale, M., Mehta, R. S., Liever, P., Curtis, J., and Yang, J. (2020, doi: ). “Realistic regolith models for plume-surface interaction in spacecraft propulsive landings.” AIAA Scitech 2020 Forum, number 0797.
Gladstone, G., Hurley, D., Rutherford, K., et al. (2010, doi:). “Lro-lamp observations of the lcross impact plume.” Science, 330, 472–476.
Housen, K. R. and Holsapple, K. A. (2011, ). “Ejecta from Impact Craters.” Icarus, 211, 856–875.
Immera, C., Metzger, P., Hintz, P., Nick, A., and Horan, R. (2011, doi: ). “Apollo 12 lunar module exhaust plume impingement on lunar surveyor iii.” 211(2), 1089–1102.
Lane, J. E. and Metzger, P. T. (2012). “Ballistics Model for Particles on a Horizontal Plane in a Vacuum Propelled by a Vertically Impinging Gas Jet.” Particul. Sci. Tech., 30(2), 196–208.
Liever, P. A., Gale, M. P., Mehta, R. S., and Weaver, A. B. (2021). “Gas-particle flow simulations for martian and lunar plume-surface interaction prediction.” Earth and Space 2021.
Ltd., C.-T. T. (2021). “Tx thermal effusivity touch tester.” C-Therm, <https://ctherm.com/products/tx-thermal-effusivity-touch-tester/>.
Metzger, P. T. (2020). “Dust transport and its effects due to landing spacecraft.” 2020 Lunar Dust Workshop.
Moriarty, D. P., Watkins, R. N., and Petro, N. E. (2020). “Mineralogical diversity of the lunar south pole: Critical context for artemis sample return goals and interpretation.” Number 2241.
Mueller, R. P., Gelino, N. J., Dixon, K. L., Sibille, L., and Vu, B. T. (2021). “Large vehicle lunar landing surface interaction and in-situ resource based risk mitigation: Landing & launch pads.” AIAA ASCEND 2021, Vol. 2021-4071.
Orger, N. C., Rodrigo, J., Alarcon, C., Toyoda, K., and Cho, M. (2018, doi: ). “Lunar dust lofting due to surface electric field and charging within micro-cavities between dust grains above the terminator region.” Advances in Space Research, Vol. 64, 896–911.
Phillips III, J. R., Wang, H., Hillegass, A., Esparza, A., Dove, A. R., and Elgohary, T. A. (2021). “Implementation of charged particle behavior in discrete element method (dem) simulations.” ASCE Earth and Space Conference 2021.
Wittal, M. M. and Butts, S. C. (2021). “System-level model-based risk determination for lunar mission design.” 21st IAASS Conference.
Wittal, M. M., Phillips III, J. R., Metzger, P. T., et al. “Behavior of high-velocity dust generated by lander plumes in the lunar environment.” 2020 AAS/AIAA Astrodynamics Specialist Conference.
Wittal, M. M. and Powers, R. J. (2019). “Spaceflight hazards of escape-velocity-domain impact ejecta in the cr3bp.” 2019 AAS/AIAA Astrodynamics Specialist Conference.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
History
Published online: Jan 5, 2023
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.