Fault Rupture of Pipeline with Cured-in-Place Pipe

An approximately 36-ft (11-m)-long, five-piece section of a ductile iron (DI) pipeline was lined with ALTRA Proven Water Solutions, formerly known as Aqua-Pipe Generation 2 and tested in fault rupture at the Cornell Lifelines Large-Scale Testing Facility. The pipeline had a total of four joints located 5 ft and 15 ft (1.5 m and 3.6 m) north and south of the fault. The test basin was displaced until the full 4-ft (1.2-m) of actuator travel. The lined pipeline maintained its integrity and water pressure of 81.3 psi (561 kPa) throughout the test. Pipeline extension was accommodated by longitudinal movement at the joints, with maximum movement measured at 14.0 in. (356 mm) at the joint closet to the southern side of the fault. Maximum north joint rotation closest to the fault was about 14.0°. The measured and theoretical rotations are in good agreement. The pipeline was able to accommodate a maximum average 30.85 in. (784 mm) of axial extension, corresponding to average tensile strain of 6.15% along the pipeline. No loss of water pressure or structural failure of the lined pipeline occurred. Axial extension during the test is large enough to accommodate the great majority (over 99%) of liquefaction-induced tensile ground strains measured by high resolution LiDAR after each of four major earthquakes during the recent Canterbury Earthquake Sequence (CES) in Christchurch, NZ.