A Regional Agency-Locality Patterning and Benchmarking Twin Approach for Safe-Routes-to-School Programs’ Implementation
Publication: International Conference on Transportation and Development 2022
ABSTRACT
Safe-Routes-to-School (SRTS) programs have gained national and international interest in the past decade to address the sharp decline in the percentage of grades K–8 students that use active modes, i.e., walking or biking, to travel to school. Such programs do not typically lack policy guidelines on implementation management at the high federal or state agencies’ level. However, at a finer scale of regional agencies or localities, SRTS programs suffer from immaturity in the state of practice, especially in the preliminary efforts to initiate the program. In this paper, concerted efforts of agency (Hampton Roads Transportation Planning Organization) and locality (city of Hampton) will be presented to showcase best practices on patterning and benchmarking school zones for programs’ implementation management. Guidelines on data collection and acquisition, processing and key performance indicators’ development, multi-criteria evaluation, and ranking will be presented to fill this practice gap. Also, partnering lessons learned on identification of opportunities to fund those programs, like the Transportation Alternatives Set-Aside Program, will be discussed at the conclusion section.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this chapter.
REFERENCES
Alexander, L., J. Inchley, J. Todd, D. Currie, A. Cooper, and C. Currie. (2005). “The broader impact of walking to school among adolescents: Seven day accelerometry based study.” BMJ British medical journal 331: 1061–1062.
Castelli, D., E. Glowacki, J. Barcelona, H. Calvert, and J. Hwang. (2014). “Active Education: Growing Evidence on Physical Activity and Academic Performance.” Active Living Research.
City of Hampton – Virginia. (1960). Hampton City Schools Policy Manual, City of Hampton - Virginia.
Cooper, A., A. Page, L. Foster, and D. Qahwaji. (2003). “Commuting to school: are children who walk more physically active?” American journal of preventive medicine 25: 273–276.
Erraguntla, M., D. Delen, R. Agrawal, K. Madanagopal, and R. J. Mayer. (2017). Mobile-Based Sidewalk Inventory App for Smart Communities, Health, and Safety.
Esri, Inc. (2021). About ArcGIS Pro. 2.8.2.
Esri, Inc. (2021). “Hot Spot Analysis (Getis-Ord Gi*) (Spatial Statistics).” Retrieved May 18, 2021, from https://pro.arcgis.com/en/pro-app/latest/tool-reference/spatial-statistics/hot-spot-analysis.htm.
Ewing, R., and R. Cervero. (2010). “Travel and the Built Environment.” Journal of the American Planning Association 76(3): 265–294.
Florida Department of Transportation - Transportation Statistics Office. (2015). Multimodal Mobility Performance Measures Source Book, Florida Department of Transportation,.
Forman, E. H., and S. I. Gass. (2001). “The Analytic Hierarchy Process—An Exposition.” Operations Research 49(4): 469–486.
Getis, A., and J. K. Ord. (2010). The Analysis of Spatial Association by Use of Distance Statistics. Perspectives on Spatial Data Analysis. L. Anselin and S. J. Rey. Berlin, Heidelberg, Springer Berlin Heidelberg: 127–145.
Google Inc. (2021). Google Earth, Google Inc.
Hillman, C. H., M. B. Pontifex, L. B. Raine, D. M. Castelli, E. E. Hall, and A. F. Kramer. (2009). “The effect of acute treadmill walking on cognitive control and academic achievement in preadolescent children.” (1873-7544 (Electronic)).
HRPDC. (2022). “Hampton Roads K12 Schools.” from https://www.hrgeo.org/datasets/HRPDC-GIS::hampton-roads-k12-schools/about.
HRTPO. (2021). ” CMAQ and RSTP ” Retrieved January 22, 2022, from https://www.hrtpo.org/page/cmaq-and-rstp/.
HRTPO. (2021). ” Transportation Alternatives (TA) Set-Aside.” Retrieved January 22, 2022, from https://www.hrtpo.org/page/transportation-alternatives-(ta)-set_aside/.
Jolliffe, I. T., and J. Cadima. (2016). “Principal component analysis: a review and recent developments.” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 374.
Kang, B., S. Lee, and S. Zou. (2021). “Developing Sidewalk Inventory Data Using Street View Images.” Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) 21(9): 3300.
Kelleny, B. (2015). Temporary Traffic Management of Major Construction Projects- Case Study: Metro Riyadh. Masters, Stuttgart University.
Kelleny, B., and S. Ishak. (2021). “Exploring and visualizing spatial effects and patterns in ride-sourcing trip demand and characteristics.” Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics 6(2): 6–24.
Orenstein, M., N. Gutiérrez, T. Rice, J. Cooper, and D. Ragland. (2007). “Safe Routes to School Safety and Mobility Analysis.” Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Berkeley, Institute of Transportation Studies,.
Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC), National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and I. o. T. E. (ITE). (2015). “Around the School.” Retrieved December 3, 2021, from http://guide.saferoutesinfo.org/engineering/the_school_zone.cfm.
Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center (PBIC), National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and I. o. T. E. (ITE). (2015). “Safe Routes to School Online Guide.” Retrieved December 3, 2021, from http://guide.saferoutesinfo.org/index.cfm.
Porter, C. D., R. J. Eldridge, S. Cook, J. Osborne, and L. B. Lane. (2016). Transportation Alternatives Program Performance Management Guidebook. Washington, D.C., US Department of Transportation.
Zimmerman, S., M. Lieberman, K. Kramer, and A. B. Sadler. (2015). At the Intersection of Active Transportation and Equity.
Toole Design Group. (2012). VIRGINIA SAFE ROUTES TO SCHOOL Five-Year Strategic Plan 2012-2017.
US DOT. (2015). “Safe Routes to School Programs.” Retrieved December 3, 2021, from https://www.transportation.gov/mission/health/Safe-Routes-to-School-Programs.
US EPA. (2021). “Smart Location Mapping Interactive maps and data for measuring location efficiency and the built environment.” Retrieved October 09, 2021, from https://www.epa.gov/smartgrowth/smart-location-mapping.
VDOT. (2021). “VDOT Crash Analysis Tool.” from https://www.virginiaroads.org/maps/1a96a2f31b4f4d77991471b6cabb38ba/about.
Virginia Orthoimagery. (2021). “Virginia Orthoimagery.” Retrieved December 13, 2021, from https://www.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=cbe6a0c1b2c440168e228ee33b89cb38.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
History
Published online: Aug 31, 2022
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.