Comparison of Pullout Behaviour of Polyester Geogrid and Polyester Strip Soil Reinforcement
Publication: Geo-Congress 2022
ABSTRACT
This paper presents the results from laboratory tests on the pullout behaviour of polyester geogrid (GG) and polyester strips (PS) embedded in sands of different morphology and gradation. Pullout tests were carried out for three normal stresses of 20 kPa, 40 kPa, and 80 kPa in dense and loose conditions. The gradation and shear strength characteristics of sands confirmed to codal provision for reinforced soil structures (RSS). The test results showed that peak pullout resistance (PR) of GG is lower in dense conditions and occurs at higher strains than PS due to constrained dilatancy. Pullout resistance of under compacted sample shows significant reduction as compared to the dense sample. The interface apparent coefficient of friction was reduced 50%–60% in GG and 70%–75% in PS. The study reveals that proper compaction is an essential requirement for RSS built using either GG or PS.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this chapter.
REFERENCES
ASTM-D6913. (2009). Particle-Size Distribution (Gradation) of Soils Using Sieve Analysis, Standards ASTM. ASTM International, PA.
ASTM D2487. (2017). Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System), Standards ASTM. ASTM International, PA.
ASTM-D854. (2014). Specific Gravity of Soil Solids by Water Pycnometer, Standards ASTM. ASTM International, PA.
ASTM-D4253. (2016). Maximum Index Density and Unit Weight of Soils Using a Vibratory Table, Standards ASTM. ASTM International, PA.
ASTM-D2434. (2019) Permeability of Granular Soils (Constant Head), Standards ASTM. ASTM International, PA.
ASTM-D3080. (2011) Direct Shear Test of Soils Under Consolidated Drained Conditions, Standards ASTM. ASTM International, PA.
ASTM-D6706. (2013) Measuring Geosynthetic Pullout Resistance in Soil, Standards ASTM. ASTM International, PA.
Abdelouhab, A., Dias, D., and Freitag, N. (2010). Physical and analytical modelling of geosynthetic strip pullout behaviour. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 28(1), 44–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2009.09.018.
Alfaro, M. C., Miura, N., and Bergado, D. T. (1995). Soil-Geogrid Reinforcement Interaction by Pullout and Direct Shear Tests. Geotechnical Testing Journal, 18(2), 157–167.
Bergado, D. T., and Jin-Chun C. (1994). Pullout force/displacement relationship of extensible grid reinforcements. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 13(5), 295–316. https://doi.org/10.1016/0266-1144(94)90025-6.
Bhowmik, R., Shahu, J. T., and Datta, M. (2019). Experimental studies on inclined pullout behaviour of geosynthetic sheet Vis-À-Vis geogrid - Effect of type of anchor and sand. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 47(6), 767–779. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2019.103490.
Biswas, S., Adhikari, A., and Thammaiah, S. (2017). Field and laboratory pullout tests conducted on Indian projects for polymeric strap soil reinforcement used for construction of reinforced earth structures. Water and Energy International, 59RNI(11), 45–51.
BS (British Standard) 8006. (2010). Code of practice for strengthened/reinforced soils and other fills. British Standards Institution.
Chang, J. C., Hannon, J. B., and Forsyth, R. A. (1979). Pull resistance and interaction of earthquake reinforcement and soil. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts, 16(3), 68. https://doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(79)90697-1.
Das, B. M. (2010) Principles of Geotechnical Engineering, 7th ed., Cengage Learning, Stamford, CT.
Fannin, R. J., and Raju, D. M. (1993). On the pullout resistance of geosynthetics. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 30(3), 409–417.
Farrag, K., Acar, Y. B., and Juran, I. (1993). Pullout resistance of geogrid reinforcements. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 12(2), 133–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/0266-1144(93)90003-7.
Ferreira, F. B., Vieira, C. S., Lopes, M. L., and Carlos, D. M. (2016). Experimental investigation on the pullout behaviour of geosynthetics embedded in a granite residual soil. European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 20(9), 1147–1180. https://doi.org/10.1080/19648189.2015.1090927.
Hayashi, S., Shahu, J., and Watanabe, K. (1999). Changes in Interface Stresses During Pullout Tests on Geogrid Strip Reinforcement. Geotechnical Testing Journal, 22(1), 32. https://doi.org/10.1520/GTJ11314J.
IRC (Indian Road Congress) SP 102. (2014) Design and Construction of Reinforced Soil Walls, Indian Road Congress, India.
Jarrett, P. M., and McGown, A. (Eds.). (1988). The Application of Polymeric Reinforcement in Soil Retaining Structures. Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1405-6.
Jewell, R. A. (1990). Reinforcement bond capacity. Géotechnique, 40(3), 513–518. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1990.40.3.513.
Jewell, R. A., Milligan, G. W. E., Sarsby, R. W., and Dubois, D. (1985). Interaction between soil and geogrids. In Polymer Grid Reinforcement (pp. 18–30). Thomas Telford Ltd.
Moraci, N., and Recalcati, P. (2006). Factors affecting the pullout behaviour of extruded geogrids embedded in a compacted granular soil. Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 24(4), 220–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2006.03.001.
Agarwal, A., Datta, M., Ramana, G. V., Soni, N. K., and Satyakam, R. (2021). Geotechnical Characterization of Recycled Aggregates (RA) Comprising of Mixed Waste from Construction & Demolition (C&D) Plants. In S. Patel, C. H. Solanki, K. R. Reddy, and S. K. Shukla (Eds.), Indian Geotechnical Conference, IGC-2019 (Vol. 134, Issue May, pp. 185–194). Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6370-0_17.
Schlosser, F., and Delage, P. (1988). P. M. Jarrett and A. McGown (eds.), The Application of Polymeric Reinforcement. 3–65.
Vidal, H. (1969). The Principle of Reinforced Earth. Highway Research Record.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Geo-Congress 2022
Pages: 477 - 485
History
Published online: Mar 17, 2022
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.