Dynamic Analyses of Liquefaction and Lateral Spreading for an Interlayered Deposit in the Chi-Chi Earthquake
Publication: Geo-Extreme 2021
ABSTRACT
The performance of a case history site adjacent to a meandering stream channel in Wufeng, Taiwan, is evaluated using two-dimensional (2D) nonlinear dynamic analyses (NDAs) to examine why past studies using simplified empirical and semiempirical analyses overestimated the observed liquefaction-induced ground displacements (i.e., lateral spreading) during the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake. In situ data from borings and cone penetration tests (CPTs) delineate thinly interlayered floodplain deposits interrupted by laterally discontinuous channel sand deposits, typical of a fluvial point bar sequence. Most of the encountered soil beds are characterized as “intermediate” (e.g., low-plasticity sandy silts and clays, and silty sands) and may exhibit behavior that is transitional between sand-like and clay-like soils during cyclic loading. The subsurface is simulated using transition probability-based indicator geostatistics, conditioned on available data and geological inferences, for three soil categories based on state of practice soil behavior type index (IC) boundary values. The NDAs are performed using PM4Sand and PM4Silt constitutive models within the FLAC finite difference program. The results of these NDAs and of simplified analyses performed by others are assessed for their ability to predict the spatial trend of ground displacements observed near the channel face. The NDA and geostatistical models provide insights on how site data interpretations and stratigraphic assumptions for interlayered deposits can affect the degree and extent of predicted liquefaction effects.
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Geo-Extreme 2021
Pages: 426 - 441
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© 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Published online: Nov 4, 2021
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