Potential Analysis of Eco-Lanes in Reducing Fuel Consumption and Emissions under the Condition of Cooperative Vehicle Infrastructure

Eco-lanes are an important means of implementing eco-driving behavior and reducing vehicle emissions. Cooperative vehicle infrastructure connected technology offers further energy savings and emission reduction benefits through eco-lanes. Based on the cooperative vehicle infrastructure driving simulator experiment platform, 40 subjects were selected to carry out the comparative test of vehicle energy consumption emissions under three conditions of expressways: ordinary road, eco-lane, and vehicle-mounted human-machine interaction system (HMI) based eco-lane. Results showed that compared with ordinary road sections, the eco-lane offers significant energy savings and emission reduction potential, which can reach 24.02%–59.04% and 24.15%, respectively. Under the condition of cooperative vehicle infrastructure, eco-lanes have the highest energy saving and emission reduction potential, with the emission reduction potential of 24.46%–59.72% and energy saving potential of 24.61%. Vehicle energy consumption and emissions can be significantly reduced by setting eco-lanes in main expressway sections under the condition of cooperative vehicle infrastructure.