World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2019
Three-Dimensional Stream Flow Modeling with a Smooth-Bed Z Mesh
Publication: World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2019: Hydraulics, Waterways, and Water Distribution Systems Analysis
ABSTRACT
Three-dimensional (3D) hydraulic modelling has not been used widely in hydraulic engineering. A primary reason is that such modelling is labor-intensive and demands high computing resources. A bottleneck is the need of a 3D mesh that can be difficult to generate; in particular a poor quality mesh may degrade the model stability and accuracy. In this study, we report a research effort seeking to develop a 3D model for practical uses. A new 3D mesh, the smooth-bed Z mesh (SBZM), is developed and verified. SBZM is in contrast with two other commonly used mesh options: the sigma mesh and the staircase Z mesh. The advantages and disadvantages of the sigma and staircase Z meshes are widely known. SBZM retains the advantages of both meshes while minimizes the drawbacks. A laboratory case is used to demonstrate the SBZM approach. Comparisons are also made with the sigma and staircase Z meshes to shed light on the differences in model results.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this chapter.
References
ASCE (2007). ASCE Sedimentation Manual. Sedimentation Engineering: Processes, Measurements, Modeling and Practice. ASCE Manual and Reports on Engineering Practice No.110. Reston, VA. Marcelo Garcia (ed).
Behr, M., and Tezduyar, T. E. (1994). “Finite-element solution strategies for large-scale simulations.” Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng., 112, 3–24.
Berger, R. C., and Stockstill, R. L. (1999). “A finite-element system for flows.” Proc., 1999 American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Water Resources Engineering Conf., Water Resources into the New Millennium, Past Accomplishments and New Challenges, Seattle.
Bihs, H., Ong, M., Kamath, A. and Arntsen, Ø. A. (2013). “A level set method based numerical wave tank for calculation of wave forces on horizontal and vertical cylinders.” In Proc., Seventh National Conference on Computation Mechanics, Trondheim, Norway.
Casulli, V. (1997). “Numerical simulation of three-dimensional free surface flow in isopycnal coordinates.” Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids, 25, 645–658.
Casulli, V. and Stelling, G.S. (1998). “Numerical simulation of 3D quasi-hydrostatic, free-surface flows.” Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 124(7):678–686.
Casulli, V. (1999). “A semi-implicit finite difference method for non-hydrostatic, free-surface flows.” International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, 30: 425–440.
Cokljat, D., and Younis, B. A. (1995). “Second-order closure study of open-channel flows.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 121~2!, 94–107.
Demuren, A. O. (1993). “A numerical model for flow in meandering channels with natural bed topography.” Water Resour. Res., 19(4), 1269–1277.
Fringer, O.B., Gerritsen, M., and Street, R.L. (2006). “An unstructured-grid, finite-volume, nonhydrostatic, parallel coastal ocean simulator.” Ocean Modeling, 14(3-4): 139–173.
Ge, L., and Sotiropoulos, F. (2007). “A numerical method for solving the 3D unsteady incompressible navierstokes equations in curvilinear domains with complex immersed boundaries.” J. Comput. Phys., 225(2), 1782–1809.
Huang, J. C., and Weber, L. J. (1998). “Numerical simulation of the forebay of Lower Granite lock and dam.” Hydro Vision 98, Reno, Nev., July.
Huang, J. C. (2000). Development and validation of a three-dimensional numerical model for application to river flows. PhD thesis, Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa.
Jia, Y. (2013). Technical Manual of CCHE3D Version 1.1. NCCHE-TR-01-2013. National Center for Computational Hydroscience and Engineering, The University of Mississippi University, MS 38677.
Kang, S., Lightbody, A., Hill, C., and Sotiropoulos, F. (2011). “High resolution numerical simulation of turbulence in natural waterways.” Adv. Water Resour., 34(1), 98–113.
Khosronejad, A, Kozarek, J.L., and Sotiropoulos, F. (2014). “Simulation-Based Approach for Stream Restoration Structure Design: Model Development and Validation.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 140, (ASCE)0733-9429/04014042.
Lai, Y. G., Weber, L. J., and Patel, V. C. (2003). “Nonhydrostatic three dimensional method for hydraulic flow simulation. I: Formulation and verification.’’ J. Hydraul. Eng., 129(3), 196–205.
Landsberg, A., Chtchelkanova, A., Lind, C., Boris, J., and Young, T. (1998). Fast3D user and programmer reference manual.
Launder, B. E., and Spalding, D. B. (1974). “The numerical computation of turbulent flows.” Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng., 3, 269–289.
Mahadevan, A., Oliger, J., and Street, R. (1996a). “A nonhydrostatic mesoscale ocean model. part i: Well-posedness and scaling.” Journal of Physical Oceanography, 26(9): 1868–1880.
Mahadevan, A., Oliger, J., and Street, R. (1996b). “A nonhydrostatic mesoscale ocean model. part ii: Numerical implementation.” Journal of Physical Oceanography, 26(9): 1881–1900.
Meselhe, E. A., and Sotiropoulos, F. (2000). ‘‘Three-dimensional numerical model for open channels with free surface variations.’’ J. Hydraul. Res., 38(2), 115–121.
Olsen, N. and Melaaen, C. (1993). “Three-dimensional calculation of scour around cylinders.” J. Hydraul. Eng. 119: (9)1048–1054.
Olsen, N. (1994). “SSIIM: A three-dimensional numerical model for simulation of water and sediment flow.” HYDROSOFT 94, Porto Carras, Greece.
Olsen, N. and Kjellesvig, H.M. (1998). “Three dimensional numerical flow modeling for estimation of maximum local scour depth.” J Hydraul Res 3(4): 579590.
Papanicolaou, A.N.T., Elhakeem, M., Krallis, G., Prakash, S., Edinger, J. (2008). “Sediment Transport Modeling Review - Current and Future Developments.” J. Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, 134(1), 1-14.
Sotiropoulos, F., and Patel, V. C. (1992). “Flow in curved ducts of varying cross section.” IIHR Report No. 358, Iowa Institute of Hydraulic Research, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.
Ullmann, S. (2008). “Three-dimensional computation of non-hydrostatic free-surface flows.” MS Thesis, Delft University of Technology.
Wu, W., Rodi, W., and Wenka, T. (2000). “3D Numerical Modeling of Flow and Sediment Transport Open Channels.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 126(1), 4-15.
Ye, J., and McCorquodale, J. A. (1998). “Simulation of curved open channel flows by 3D hydrodynamic model.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 124(7), 687–698.
Yen, B. C. (1965). Characteristics of subcritical flow in a meandering channel. PhD thesis, Department of Mechanics and Hydraulics, The University of Iowa, Iowa.
Yost, S. (1995). “Three-dimensional nonhydrostatic modeling of free surface flows and transport of cohesive sediment.” PhD thesis, Civil Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich.
Zeng, J., Constantinescu, G., and Weber, L. (2005). “A fully 3D nonhydrostatic model for prediction of flow, sediment transport and bed morphology in open channels.” 31st Int. Association Hydraulic Research Congress, Seoul, Korea.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2019: Hydraulics, Waterways, and Water Distribution Systems Analysis
Pages: 268 - 276
Editors: Gregory F. Scott and William Hamilton, Ph.D.
ISBN (Online): 978-0-7844-8235-3
Copyright
© 2019 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: May 16, 2019
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.