Pipelines 2018
Evaluation of the Environmental Sustainability during Fabrication of Commonly Used Pipe Materials
Publication: Pipelines 2018: Utility Engineering, Surveying, and Multidisciplinary Topics
ABSTRACT
With the consistent increase in global population, environmental sustainability of construction has become a larger issue due to the increasing concerns about global climate change and carbon emissions. In the pipeline industry, carbon footprint analyses have been performed regularly to identify fewer carbon intensive materials and methods used during construction. The pipeline industry, however, has yet to evaluate the environmental sustainability of pipe materials during the fabrication stages. The objective of this paper is to calculate and analyze the environmental sustainability, as determined by carbon footprint and embodied energy, of 100 feet of pipe during the fabrication stages (material extraction, material production, and pipe manufacturing) made from three different types of pipe: pre-stressed concrete cylinder pipe (PCCP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and cured-in-place pipe (CIPP). This paper focuses on a large-diameter, 36 inches’ sewer pressure pipe operating at 100 psi internal pressure. Initial results show the environmental sustainability of PCCP to be lower than PVC and CIPP. The second phase of this project will focus on the environmental impact for each during construction, operation, and end of life to determine the overall life-cycle environmental sustainability of each material.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this chapter.
REFERENCES
Agency, E.P. (2009). Standard Practice for Rehabilitation of Existing Pipelines and Conduits by the Inversion and Curing of a Resin-Impregnated Tube 12. Water 1–9.
American Water Works Association (2014). Standard for Design Prestressed Concrete Pressure Pipe, Steel Cylinder Type. ANSI/ AWWA C301-14. Denver, CO: American Water Works Association.
American Water Works Association (2014). Standard for Design Prestressed Concrete Cylinder Pipe. ANSI/ AWWA C304-14. Denver, CO: American Water Works Association.
American Water Works Association (2008). AWWA M9, Concrete Pressure Pipe, 3rd ed. Denver, CO: American Water Works Association
American Water Works Association (2002). AWWA M23, Design and Installation of Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe, 2nd ed. Denver, CO: American Water Works Association
American Water Works Association (2014). Standard for Design Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pressure Pipe and Fabricated Fittings, 14In. Through 48 In. ANSI/ AWWA C905-10. Denver, CO: American Water Works Association.
Environmental Protection Agency EPA (2014). eGRID2014 US grid intensity.
Chilana, L. (2011). Carbon Footprint Analysis of a large diameter water transmission pipeline installation.
Chilana, L., A. H. Bhatt, M. Najafi, and M. Sattler (2016). “Comparison of carbon footprints of steel versus concrete pipelines for water transmission,” Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, vol. 66, no. 5, pp. 518–527, May 2016.
Conshohocken, W. (2004). Standard Specification for Cured-In-Place Thermosetting Resin Sewer Pipe 1. Test 07, 5–8.
F. Du, G. J. Woods, D. Kang, K. E. Lansey, and R. G. Arnold, “Life Cycle Analysis for Water and Wastewater Pipe Materials,” Journal of Environmental Engineering, vol. 139, no. 5, pp. 703–711, May 2013.
Hammond, G., and C. Jones. (2011). Inventory of Carbon and Energy (ICE), Version 2.0. Sustainable Energy Research Team. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath.
Instrument, I., and Threads, L.P. (2002). Standard Practice for Determining Dimensions of “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber- Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipe and Fittings 1. 97, 1–4.
Krock, R. (2013). The Role of PVC Resins in Sustainable Design. 2756–2767.
Kyung, D., Kim, D., Yi, S. et al. Estimation of greenhouse gas emissions from sewer pipeline system Int J Life Cycle Assess (March - 2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-017-1288-9
Matthews, J. (2014). Demonstration and evaluation of innovative wastewater main rehabilitation technologies (London: IWA Publishing: [distributor] Portland Customer Services: [distributor] CoInfo Book Services).
Matthews, J., E. N. Allouche, and R. Sterling, (2015). Social cost impact assessment of pipeline infrastructure projects
Martins, J.D.N., Freire, E., and Hemadipour, H. (2009). Applications and market of PVC for piping industry. Polímeros 19, 58–62.
More, W. (2011). Non-Styrene Options for Cured in Place Pipe. NASTT, No Dig February.
PREMIER- PIPE USA Website http://www.premierpipeusa.com
Romer, A.E., Bell, G.E.C., and Ellison, R.D. (2007). Failure of Prestressed Concrete Cylinder Pipe. Pipelines 2007: Advances and Experiences with Trenchless Pipeline Projects 1–17.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Pipelines 2018: Utility Engineering, Surveying, and Multidisciplinary Topics
Pages: 168 - 176
Editors: Christopher C. Macey, AECOM and Jason S. Lueke, Ph.D., Associated Engineering
ISBN (Online): 978-0-7844-8166-0
Copyright
© 2018 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: Jul 11, 2018
Published in print: Jul 12, 2018
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.