Chapter
Apr 4, 2017
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Flexural Concrete Wall Design Details
Authors: A. Behrouzi [email protected], T. Welt [email protected], D. Lehman [email protected], L. Lowes [email protected], J. LaFave [email protected], and D. Kuchma [email protected]Author Affiliations
Publication: Structures Congress 2017
Abstract
Reinforced concrete structural walls are common in mid- to high-rise structures in high seismic regions, and are expected to have good strength and ductility characteristics if designed in accordance with ACI 318-14. However, experimental and analytical investigations of reinforced concrete structural walls and isolated boundary element prisms indicate that the existing design provisions may be insufficient to provide ductile, flexure-dominated response under cyclic loading. Walls designed with an ACI compliant boundary element length are susceptible to shear-compression failures below the maximum ACI allowable shear stress of 10Acv√fc’. Also of concern is the frequent use of thinner walls in modern design; as the wall’s cross-sectional aspect ratio increases, such brittle shear-compression failures occur at even smaller shear stress values. In regards to detailing, special boundary elements with intermediate cross-ties exhibit a minimal improvement in confinement compared to ordinary boundary elements. This response can be linked to inadequacies in multiple code design parameters, including: vertical spacing and area of confinement steel, horizontal spacing and type of restraint to longitudinal bars, and development length provided for transverse reinforcement. Recent in-field wall failures have prompted concerns related to the minimum code required vertical and horizontal web shear reinforcement, as well as the relative amount of vertical-to-horizontal web steel. This paper examines ACI 318-14 special boundary element and web reinforcement provisions and provides design recommendations intended to improve wall performance as compared with current ACI requirements.
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© 2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Published online: Apr 4, 2017
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Assistant Professor, Dept. of Architectural Engineering, California Polytechnic State Univ. – San Luis Obispo, 1 Grand Ave., Bldg. 21, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407. E-mail: [email protected]
Postdoctoral Researcher, 1325 Richelieu Ln, Houston, TX 77018. E-mail: [email protected]
Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Washington, 201 More Hall, Box 352700, Seattle, WA 98195. E-mail: [email protected]
Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Washington, 201 More Hall, Box 352700, Seattle, WA 98195. E-mail: [email protected]
Professor, Associate Head, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 205 N Mathews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801. E-mail: [email protected]
Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts Univ., 200 College Ave., Medford, MA 02155. E-mail: [email protected]
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