Chapter 8
Geothermal Energy
Publication: Renewable Energy Technologies and Water Infrastructure
Abstract
Geothermal resources are used at different temperatures for different applications, depending on the resource temperature; applications include power generation, direct heating and cooling, mineral recovery, and energy storage. This chapter focuses on the most prominent applications of geothermal energy today: power generation and direct heating and cooling, specifically, dry steam, flash, and binary technologies. Other topics explored include: direct use of geothermal resources, thermodynamic cycle applications, and the multiple steps and multiple technologies involved in capturing all minerals of interest in a cost-effective way.
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References
Blodgett, L. 2014. “Geothermal 101: Basics of geothermal energy.” Geotherm. Energy Assoc. Accessed September 19, 2021. https://geothermal.org/sites/default/files/2021-02/Geothermal_101-Basics_of_Geothermal_Energy.pdf
DOE. 2019. Geovision: Harnessing the heat beneath our feet. Washington, DC: DOE.
DOE. 2004. Geothermal technologies program: Direct use. Washington, DC: DOE.
DOE. 2012. “What is an Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS)?” Fact Sheet. Accessed September 19, 2021. https://www1.eere.energy.gov/geothermal/pdfs/egs_basics.pdf.
DOE. 2015. Mineral recovery creates revenue stream for geothermal energy development. Washington, DC: DOE.
DOE. “How an Enhanced Geothermal System Works.” Accessed September 19, 2021.
EIA (US Energy Information Administration). 2018. Geothermal explained: Geothermal power plants. Washington, DC: EIA.
EU Science Hub. 2019. “Earth's geothermal hotspots: new dataset launched.” Accessed September 21, 2021. https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/news/earths-geothermal-hotspots-new-dataset-launched.
GEA (Geothermal Energy Association). 2016. “2016 Annual U.S. & Global Geothermal Power Production Report.” Accessed on September 22, 2021. https://www.eesi.org/files/2016_Annual_US_Global_Geothermal_Power_Production.pdf.
Glassley, W. E. 2014. Geothermal energy: Renewable energy and the environment. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
IRENA (International Renewable Energy Agency). 2017. “Geothermal power: Technology brief.” Proc. IEEE 89: 111–113. Accessed September 19, 2021. https://www.irena.org/publications/2017/Aug/Geothermal-power-Technology-brief.
NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory). n.d. Geothermal heat pump basics. Golden, CO: NREL.
NREL. 2018. Geothermal technologies could push energy storage beyond batteries. Golden, CO: NREL.
Renewable Energy World. 2019. “Geothermal electricity production.” Accessed September 19, 2021. https://www.renewableenergyworld.com/types-of-renewable-energy/tech-3/geoelectricity/#gref.
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Wall, A. 2016. “Mineral recovery from geothermal brines: Resources, technologies, and economics.” In Presented at California Geothermal Forum, Sacramento, CA. Golden, CO: NREL.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Renewable Energy Technologies and Water Infrastructure
Pages: 151 - 161
Editors: S. Rao Chitikela, Ph.D., Venkata Gullapalli, Ph.D., and William F. Ritter, Ph.D.
ISBN (Print): 978-0-7844-1585-6
ISBN (Online): 978-0-7844-8366-4
Copyright
© 2022 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: Feb 10, 2022
Published in print: Mar 14, 2022
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Architectural engineering
- Building systems
- Cooling (wastewater treatment)
- Energy engineering
- Energy infrastructure
- Energy recovery
- Energy sources (by type)
- Engineering fundamentals
- Engineering materials (by type)
- Environmental engineering
- Geomechanics
- Geotechnical engineering
- HVAC
- Infrastructure
- Lifeline systems
- Materials engineering
- Measurement (by type)
- Minerals
- Recycling
- Renewable energy
- Soil mechanics
- Soil properties
- Steam power
- Temperature effects
- Temperature measurement
- Thermal power
- Waste management
- Waste treatment
Authors
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