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Front Matter
Dec 4, 2018

Front Matter

Publication: Radar Rainfall Data Estimation and Use (MOP 139)

Abstract

Front matter pages come before the papers or chapters in a published work and include a title page, copyright information, and a table of contents. This publication’s front matter also includes a preface and acknowledgments.

MANUALS AND REPORTS ON ENGINEERING PRACTICE

(As developed by the ASCE Technical Procedures Committee, July 1930, and revised March 1935, February 1962, and April 1982)
A manual or report in this series consists of an orderly presentation of facts on a particular subject, supplemented by an analysis of limitations and applications of these facts. It contains information useful to the average engineer in his or her everyday work, rather than findings that may be useful only occasionally or rarely. It is not in any sense a “standard,” however; nor is it so elementary or so conclusive as to provide a “rule of thumb” for nonengineers.
Furthermore, material in this series, in distinction from a paper (which expresses only one person’s observations or opinions), is the work of a committee or group selected to assemble and express information on a specific topic. As often as practicable the committee is under the direction of one or more of the Technical Divisions and Councils, and the product evolved has been subjected to review by the Executive Committee of the Division or Council. As a step in the process of this review, proposed manuscripts are often brought before the members of the Technical Divisions and Councils for comment, which may serve as the basis for improvement. When published, each work shows the names of the committees by which it was compiled and indicates clearly the several processes through which it has passed in review, so that its merit may be definitely understood.
In February 1962 (and revised in April 1982), the Board of Direction voted to establish a series titled “Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice,” to include the Manuals published and authorized to date, future Manuals of Professional Practice, and Reports on Engineering Practice. All such Manual or Report material of the Society would have been refereed in a manner approved by the Board Committee on Publications and would be bound, with applicable discussion, in books similar to past Manuals. Numbering would be consecutive and would be a continuation of present Manual numbers. In some cases of joint committee reports, bypassing of Journal publications may be authorized.
A list of available Manuals of Practice can be found at http://www.asce.org/bookstore.

CONTENTS

PREFACE ix
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xi
1. RADAR RAINFALL ESTIMATION 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Background 2
1.3 Scope 7
1.4 Availability of Radar Rainfall Data within the United States 7
References 8
2. RADAR RAINFALL DATA: TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL CHARACTERISTICS 11
2.1 Native Radar Data Resolution 11
2.2 Radar Rainfall Data Mosaics 12
2.3 Data Formats and Resolutions 13
2.4 Radar Rainfall Data QA/QC and Data Management 16
2.5 Gauge-Adjusted Radar Rainfall Estimates 20
2.6 Tool for Radar Rainfall Data Analysis (HEC-MetVue) 21
2.7 Use of Radar Rainfall Data 22
2.8 Radar Rainfall Data Issues and Future Perspectives 26
2.9 Conclusions 27
References 28
3. RADAR RAINFALL DATA PROCESSING 31
3.1 Background 31
3.2 Data Acquisition and Processing 33
3.3 Reflectivity-Precipitation Rate Relationships 38
3.4 Radar QPE Products from the WSR-88D Radar Product Generator 40
3.5 Error Distribution of Radar Rainfall Estimates 40
3.6 Approaches to Gauge-Radar Adjustment 41
3.7 Approaches to Gauge-Radar Observation Merging 43
3.8 Applicability of the Gauge-Radar Approaches 45
3.9 Use of Daily Precipitation Reports in Combination with Radar QPE 47
3.10 Access to Precipitation Observations and Estimates 48
3.11 Conclusions 49
References 49
4. EVALUATION AND IMPROVEMENT OF RADAR RAINFALL DATA 53
4.1 Rainfall Measurement Methods, Errors, and Accuracy 53
4.2 Rain-Gauge and Radar-Based Measurements 53
4.3 Improving Radar-Based Estimation: Optimal Z-R Relationships 54
4.4 Conclusions 57
References 57
5. USE OF RADAR RAINFALL DATA IN HYDROLOGIC MODELING 59
5.1 Data Requirements for Hydrologic Modeling and Design 59
5.2 Radar-Based Rainfall Data for Hydrologic Modeling 60
5.3 Conclusions 62
References 62
6. EXAMPLES IN RADAR RAINFALL DATA, ANALYSES, AND APPLICATIONS 63
6.1 Radar Rainfall Estimation—South Florida Water Management District 63
6.2 Radar Rainfall Data Analyses 65
6.3 Other Radar Rainfall Data Applications 66
6.4 Conclusions 69
References 69
7. ADVANCED TOPIC: FRAMEWORK FOR BIAS ANALYSIS OF RADAR DATA 73
7.1 Bias Analysis Methods 73
7.2 Ideal Performance Measures and Skill Scores 84
7.3 Utility of Assessment Indexes and Performance Measures 85
7.4 Bias Corrections 89
7.5 Bias Corrections with Limited Rain-Gauge Data 90
7.6 Bias Corrections: Temporal Resolution Issues 90
7.7 Conclusions 91
References 91
8. ADVANCED TOPIC: RAIN-GAUGE RAINFALL DATA AUGMENTATION AND RADAR RAINFALL DATA ANALYSIS 95
8.1 Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Rainfall 95
8.2 Missing Data Estimation 96
8.3 Use of Radar Data for Infilling Rainfall Data 98
8.4 Geospatial Grid-Based Transformations of Radar-Based Rainfall Data 102
8.5 Issues with Filled Precipitation Data Series 105
8.6 Conclusions 107
References 107
9. ADVANCED TOPIC: DESIGN OF RAINFALL MONITORING NETWORKS 111
9.1 Design of Rainfall Monitoring Networks 111
9.2 Rain-Gauge Network Density 111
9.3 Optimal Rain-Gauge Monitoring Networks 112
9.4 Optimal Density and Monitoring Networks 113
9.5 Objectives for Monitoring Network Design 113
9.6 Optimal Monitoring Network Design 114
9.6 Optimal Network Design Using Radar Data 116
9.7 Post-Network Design Recommendations for Rain-Gauge Placements 118
9.8 Identification of Meteorologically Homogeneous Areas 118
9.9 Conclusions 119
References 120
INDEX 121

PREFACE

This manual on radar rainfall data estimation was developed as one of the several tasks that was undertaken by the Radar Rainfall Data and Application Task Committee, under the Surface Water Hydrology Technical Committee within the Watershed Council of Environmental and Water Resources Institute’s (EWRI), American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE).
This manual was developed primarily for use by the practicing water resources engineers in the industry. This manual has nine chapters and their titles and authors are shown as follows.
Chapter 1: Radar Rainfall Estimation, Chandra S. Pathak (US Army Corps of Engineers);
Chapter 2: Radar Rainfall Data: Temporal and Spatial Characteristics, Chandra S. Pathak (US Army Corps of Engineers) and David C. Curtis (WEST Consultants);
Chapter 3: Radar Rainfall Data Processing, David Kitzmiller (National Weather Service);
Chapter 4: Evaluation and Improvement of Radar Rainfall Data, Ramesh S.V. Teegavarapu (Florida Atlantic University);
Chapter 5: Use of Radar Rainfall Data in Hydrologic Modeling, David C. Curtis (WEST Consultants);
Chapter 6: Examples in Radar Rainfall Data, Analyses, and Applications, Chandra S. Pathak (US Army Corps of Engineers);
Chapter 7: Advanced Topic: Framework for Bias Analysis of Radar Data, Ramesh S.V. Teegavarapu (Florida Atlantic University);
Chapter 8: Advanced Topic: Rain-Gauge Rainfall Data Augmentation and Radar Rainfall Data Analysis, Ramesh S.V. Teegavarapu (Florida Atlantic University);
Chapter 9: Advanced Topic: Design of Rainfall Monitoring Networks, Ramesh S.V. Teegavarapu (Florida Atlantic University).

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The Blue-Ribbon Panel of reviewers was established by the Watershed Council of EWRI and approved by the Technical Executive Committee of EWRI. The Blue-Ribbon Panel Review members were Dr. Scott Huebner, P.E. (South Florida Water Management District); Mr. Michael DelCharco, P.E. (Taylor Engineering, Inc.); and Mr. David Preusch, P.E. (WEST Consultants, Inc.). The drafts of the manual were reviewed by individuals chosen for their diverse perspective and technical expertise in accordance with the procedures approved for ASCE’s Manual of Practice. The purpose of this independent review was to provide candid and critical comments that assist EWRI in making this publication as sound as possible and to ensure that the manual meets ASCE institutional standards in science and engineering and usability by the practicing engineers.
The authors wish to thank the following individuals for their reviews of this manual: Dr. Scott Huebner, P.E. (South Florida Water Management District); Mr. Michael DelCharco, P.E. (Taylor Engineering, Inc.); Mr. David Preusch, P.E. (WSP USA and formerly with WEST Consultants, Inc.); Dr. Thomas Evans (US Army Corps of Engineers); and Dr. Daniel Wright (University of Wisconsin—Madison and formerly with Princeton University).

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homepage Books cover image
Radar Rainfall Data Estimation and Use (MOP 139)
Pages: i - xi
Editors: Chandra S. Pathak, Ph.D., P.E., D.WRE, and Ramesh S. V. Teegavarapu, P.E.
ISBN (Print): 978-0-7844-1511-5
ISBN (Online): 978-0-7844-8176-9

History

Published in print: Dec 2, 2018
Published online: Dec 4, 2018

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