Framework of Construction Innovation: A Review of Diffusion of Sustainable Innovation in the Building Sector

The use of different theoretical frameworks and models of construction innovations is based on the particular characteristics of the construction work, including the types and modes of innovations, the "players" involved in the projects, and other influences. Recently, some new models have adopted new perspectives and approaches, such as socio-psychological perspectives, sociology of technology approaches, and actor-network theory. Some models were tested empirically with specific technological and nontechnological innovations in architectural and engineering design firms. The goal of this study is to explore how sustainable innovations in the building sector can be understood through diffusion of innovation theories. To do so, previously proposed frameworks and models are reviewed critically; then, empirical studies are synthesized to find inconsistencies in the literature. As a result, this study clarifies the commonalities and dissimilarities of the suggested models of construction innovation and discusses how different models supplement each other and can be combined. Attention to the process of adopting sustainable construction innovations reveals common challenges of sustainability, as well as leverage points where stakeholders can intervene in the building sector for sustainability. In the end, through the proposed theoretical framework, future research that can facilitate the adoption of sustainable innovation is suggested.