A Bi-Layer Cooperative Model of Pedestrian Behaviors in Complex Topological Environments

A bi-layer cooperative framework is developed to capture pedestrian behaviors at integrated passenger hubs under complex topological environments. In the framework, a simulation model is proposed based on multiple agents for pedestrians on a platform floor, in which grid agents, pedestrian agents, and the service interface are defined in detail. To precisely describe the irregular boundary of obstacles, a finer grid is used for spatial discretization of the platform floor. To conveniently and accurately describe the interaction among pedestrians in crowds, each pedestrian occupies multiple grids instead of only one, and the edges of the pedestrian can be overlapped while the core is exclusive. A pedestrian can select one of the twenty possible directions to move. The interaction rules between pedestrians themselves or between pedestrians and environments including exits and obstacles are built. Furthermore, a superimposed algorithm of the attractive field from the exit is proposed to simulate complex topological environments with multiple exits and inner obstacles. The average velocity of pedestrians and the trends of evacuation time versus the impact factor of pedestrian herd mentality and familiarity degree on exit position are discussed by simulation experiments.