Introduction
The Hedgehog, the Fox, and the HAER
Publication: America Transformed: Engineering and Technology in the Nineteenth Century
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References
1.
Berlin Isaiah The Hedgehog and the Fox (New York: Simon and Schuster, n.d. [reprint of 1953 edition]), p. 1.
2.
Hughes Thomas P., American Genesis: A Century of Invention and Technological Enthusiasm, 1870–1970 (New York: Viking, 1989), p. 1.
3.
Cowan Ruth Schwartz, A Social History of American Technology (New York: Oxford, 1997), p. 171.
4.
Trachtenberg Alan, The Incorporation of America: Culture and Society in the Gilded Age (New York: Hill and Wang, 1982), p. 4.
5.
Licht Walter, Industrializing America: The Nineteenth Century (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995) p. 168.
6.
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7.
Licht, Industrializing America, p. xiv.
8.
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9.
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10.
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11.
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12.
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13.
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14.
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15.
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16.
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17.
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18.
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19.
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20.
Emerson quotation from Nye, Society and Culture in America,p. 265.
21.
Miller Perry, “The Responsibility of Mind in a Civilization of Machines,” p. 68.
22.
Hughes, American Genesis, pp. 4–5.
23.
Tichi, Shifting Gears, pp. 4, 105.
24.
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25.
Licht, Industrializing America,p. 131.
26.
Tichi, Shifting Gears,p. 5.
27.
Stoddard Richard Henry, ed., A Century After: Picturesque Glimpses of Philadelphia and Pennsylvania (Philadelphia, 1876), as quoted in Kasson, Civilizing the Machine,p. 164.
28.
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Kasson, Civilizing the Machine: Technology and Republican Values in America, 1776–1990 (New York: Penguin, 1976) p. 165.
29.
Nye, American Technological Sublime,p. 121.
30.
Hindle, “The Exhilaration of Early American Technology,” p. 48.
31.
Morison Elting, From Know-How to Nowhere: The Development of American Technology (New York: Basic, 1974), p. 6.
32.
Gordon Robert B. and Malone Patrick M., The Texture of Industry: An Archaeological View of the Industrialization of North America (New York: Oxford University Press, 1994) p. 13.
33.
Gross Laurence F., U.S. Department of the Interior, Historic American Engineering Record (HAER),No. MO-1, “Watkins (Woolen) Mill,” 1978, Prints and Photographs Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
34.
Gross, “The Importance of Research Outside the Library: Watkins Mill, A Case Study,” IA, Journal of the Society for Industrial Archeology 7 (1981):26.
35.
Banham Reyner, “The Becher Vision,” in Bernd and Becher Hilla, Water Towers (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1988) p. 8.
36.
Nye, American Technological Sublime,p. 89.
37.
Banham, “The Becher Vision,” p. 8;
Meeks Carroll L.V., The Railroad Station: An Architectural History (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1956), pp. 1–2.
38.
Gordon and Malone, The Texture of Industry, p. 11;
Hughes, American Genesis,p. 4.
39.
Oestreicher Richard, “Images of Ideology and the Ideology of Imagery,” Labour/Le Travail 15 (Spring 1985), pp. 182–183.
40.
Banham, “The Becher Vision,” p. 7.
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