Influence of MSW Landfill on Surrounding Geological Environment and Control Strategies

The pollution of the geological environment around landfills has received increasing amounts of attention from researchers. The factors in this issue are very complex, and vary not only with the nature of MSW, but also with the type of landfill, which is closely related to the geological environment. In order to demonstrate the influence of MSW landfills (in terms of leachate, heavy metals and other harmful substances) on the surrounding geological environment (atmosphere, groundwater environment, and soil environment), literature and experimental data were studied and analyzed after field investigations. The results show that landfill leachate is the most important factor impacting the surrounding geological environment, so the mechanisms and control methods of leachate pollution of surface water and groundwater pathways are discussed. Leachate also carries heavy metals and contaminates soil. The remaining amount of heavy metals in the soil profile gradually decreases with depth. Heavy metal pollution of the soil also shows accumulation and lag patterns, and the amount of pollution increases over time. This paper proposes specific control measures for different forms of pollution and pollution patterns.