Residential Roofing Evaluation

As civil / structural engineers in the field of forensic engineering, we are often asked to evaluate roof coverings for storm damage. Of the myriad of roof coverings available for the numerous types of buildings, roofing types used for residential applications comprise a substantial portion of this wide spectrum. The purpose of this paper is to characterize and describe storm damage that affects roof coverings typically used in residential construction. It will address damage induced by hailstorms and windstorms to asphalt composition shingles, wood shingles and shakes, and slate and clay tile roof coverings. The paper will also discuss the typical steps involved in this type of forensic investigation, including obtaining and analyzing weather data, safely performing a physical inspection, and providing repair or replacement recommendations. It will also touch on the common material defects, installation problems, and reparability concerns encountered when evaluating these roof coverings.