Chapter
Apr 26, 2012
Predicted Sedimentary Record of Reflected Bores
Authors: Bretwood Higman [email protected], Guy Gelfenbaum [email protected], Patrick Lynett [email protected], Andrew Moore [email protected], and Bruce Jaffe [email protected]Author Affiliations
Publication: Coastal Sediments '07
Abstract
Where a steep slope blocks an inrushing tsunami, the tsunami commonly reverses direction as a reflected bore. A simple method for relating vertical and horizontal variation in sediment size to output from numerical models of depth-averaged tsunami flow yields predictions about the sedimentary record of reflected bores: 1. Near the reflector, a abrupt slowing of the flow as the reflected bore passes is recorded by a normally graded layer that drapes preexisting topography. 2. At intermediate distances from the reflector, the deposit consists of a single normally graded bed deposited preferentially in depressions, possibly including a sharp fine-over-coarse contact. This contact records a brief period of erosion as the front of the reflected bore passes. 3. Far seaward of the reflector, grading in the deposit includes two distinct normally graded beds deposited preferentially in depressions separated by an erosional unconformity. The second normally graded bed records the reflected bore.
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© 2007 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Published online: Apr 26, 2012
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Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Johnson Hall 070, Box 351310, 4000 15th Ave. NE, Seattle, WA 98195-1310. E-mail: [email protected]
USGS, 345 Middlefield Rd., MS999, Menlo Park, CA 94025. E-mail: [email protected]
Coastal and Ocean Engineering Division, Department of Engineering Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3136. E-mail: [email protected]
Department of Geology, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242. E-mail: [email protected]
USGS, 345 Middlefield Rd., MS999, Menlo Park, CA 94025. E-mail: [email protected]
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