Violent Wave Overtopping - Extension of Prediction Method to Broken Waves

Well-verified guidance exists for the prediction of wave overtopping over vertical walls, including breaking / impulsive and non-breaking / pulsating wave attack. For broken waves, only Goda's design charts give guidance, and only for sea steepnesses s_op < 0.036. This paper presents results of tests to quantify overtopping of vertical walls under predominantly broken wave attack. Tentative guidance is suggested. For cases where the toe of the wall is submerged, an adjustment to the method of Besley is suggested. For cases where the water level falls below the toe of the wall, adjustment to the method for sloping structures of van der Meer and Janssen is suggested.